I-304 insimbi engagqwali iyinsimbi engagqwali ye-chromium-nickel esetshenziswa kakhulu. Njengensimbi esetshenziswa kabanzi, inokumelana nokugqwala okuhle, ukumelana nokushisa, amandla okushisa aphansi kanye nezakhiwo zemishini; inokusebenza okuhle okushisayo njengokugxiviza nokugoba, futhi ayinakho ukuqina kokwelashwa kokushisa (izinga lokushisa lokusebenza -196℃～800℃).

Insimbi engagqwaliInox 304(I-AISI 304) iwuhlobo olusetshenziswa kakhulu lwensimbi engagqwali ngenxa yokulinganisa kwayo kwemishini namakhemikhali.

Nazi izici zayo ezibalulekile ze-inox 304:

1. Ukumelana Nokugqwala

Ukumelana okuphezulu nokugqwalaezindaweni ezehlukene, ikakhulukazi izimo zasemkhathini kanye nokuchayeka kumakhemikhali agqwalayo njengama-asidi nama-chloride.

Isebenza kahle ezindaweni ezivezwe umswakama noma umswakama.

2. Ukwakheka

Iqukethe cishe18% chromiumfuthi8% nickel, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi18/8 insimbi engagqwali.

Futhi kuhlanganisa amanani amancaneikhabhoni (ubukhulu obungu-0.08%), manganese, futhii-silicon.

3. Izakhiwo Zemishini

Amandla aqinile: Ngaphakathi515 MPa (75 ksi).

Amandla esivuno: Ngaphakathi205 MPa (30 ksi).

Ukwelula: Kuya ku40%, okubonisa ukwakheka okuhle.

Ukuqina: Ithambile futhi ingaqiniswa ngokusebenza okubandayo.

4. Ukuhleleka kanye Nokwenziwa

Yakheka kalulaibe yizimo ezihlukahlukene ngenxa ye-ductility yayo enhle kakhulu, okuyenza ilungele ukudweba okujulile, ukucindezela, nokugoba.

Ukushisela okuhle, ikakhulukazi ezifanele zonke izindlela zokushisela ezijwayelekile.

Ukusebenza okubandayo: Ingaqiniswa kakhulu ngokusebenza okubandayo, kodwa hhayi ngokwelashwa kokushisa.

5. Ukumelana Nokushisa

Ukumelana ne-oxidationkuya ku870°C (1598°F)ekusetshenzisweni ngezikhathi ezithile kuze kube925°C (1697°F)enkonzweni eqhubekayo.

Akunconyelwe ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezibandakanya ukuchayeka emazingeni okushisa angaphezulu425-860°C (797-1580°F)ngenxa yengozi yemvula ye-carbide, enganciphisa ukumelana nokugqwala.

6. Ukuhlanzeka Nokubukeka Kobuhle

Kulula ukuhlanza nokunakekelangenxa yobuso bayo obushelelezi, obuphikisana nokukhula kwebhaktheriya, okwenza kube kuhle ukucubungula ukudla kanye nemishini yasekhishini.

Igcina ecwebezelayo futhi ekhangayoukuphela kwendawo, okwenza idume ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo, ezintweni zasekhishini, nasezintweni zokuhlobisa.

7. Okungewona Uzibuthe

Ngokuvamileokungewona uzibuthengesimo sayo se-annealed, kodwa ingaba yizibuthe kancane ngemva kokusebenza okubandayo.

8. Izinhlelo zokusebenza

Isetshenziswa kakhulu emishinini yokucubungula ukudla, izinto zasekhishini, iziqukathi zamakhemikhali, izigqoko zezakhiwo, kanye nemishini yezokwelapha.

Ilungele izindawo ezidinga ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle, ukuqina, kanye nokwakhiwa kalula.

9. Izindleko-Ngempumelelo

Ibiza kancane kunezinsimbi ezingenasici zezinga eliphezulu (njenge-316) ngenkathi ihlinzeka ngezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zizonke, eziyenza idume ezinhlelweni eziningi.

10.Ukumelana ne-Acids

Ukumelana nama-asidi amaningi e-organickanye nama-asidi angenayo ezinto eziphilayo abola kancane, nakuba engase angasebenzi kahle ezindaweni ezine-acidic kakhulu noma ezicebile nge-chloride (njengamanzi olwandle), lapho kukhethwa khona insimbi engagqwali engu-316.

I-Inox 304 iwukukhetha okuhle kakhulu kwensimbi engagqwali endaweni ebanzi nokusetshenziswa, ukulinganisa izindleko, ukuqina, nokusebenza.

Ukwakhiwa kwekhemikhali ye-inox 304:

I-0Cr18Ni9 (0Cr19Ni9)

C: ≤0.08%

Isimo: ≤1.0%

UMn: ≤2.0%

Cr: 18.0-20.0%

Inani: 8.0-10.0%

S: ≤0.03%

P: ≤0.045%

Izinto ezibonakalayo ze-inox 304:

Amandla e-Tensile σb (MPa)>520

Amandla esivuno anemibandela σ0.2 (MPa)>205

Ubude δ5 (%)>40

Ukuncipha kwesigaba ψ (%)>60

Ukuqina: <187HB: 90HRB: <200HV

Ukuminyana (20℃, Kg/dm2): 7.93

Iphuzu elincibilikayo (℃): 1398–1454

Umthamo wokushisa othize (0~100℃, KJ·kg-1K-1): 0.50

I-Thermal conductivity (W·m-1·K-1): (100℃) 16.3, (500℃) 21.5

Umugqa wokunweba i-coefficient (10-6·K-1): (0~100℃) 17.2, (0~500℃) 18.4

Ukumelana (20℃, 10-6Ω·m2/m): 0.73

Imodulus yokunwebeka yobude (20℃, KN/mm2): 193

Izinzuzo nezici ze-inox 304:

1. Ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu
304 insimbi engagqwali ithandwa abantu abaningi ngezizathu eziningi. Isibonelo, inokumelana okuhle kokushisa okuphezulu, okungenakuqhathaniswa nensimbi evamile engagqwali. Insimbi engagqwali engu-304 ingakwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa afinyelela ku-800 degrees futhi ingasetshenziswa ezikhathini ezahlukahlukene zokuphila.

2. Ukumelana nokugqwala
I-304 insimbi engagqwali nayo inhle kakhulu ekumelaneni nokugqwala. Ngenxa yokuthi isebenzisa izakhi ze-chromium-nickel, inamakhemikhali azinzile futhi empeleni akulula ukugqwala. Ngakho-ke, insimbi engagqwali engu-304 ingasetshenziswa njenge-anti-corrosion material.

3. Ukuqina okuphezulu
Insimbi engagqwali engu-304 inesici sokuqina okuphezulu, okuyinto eyaziwa abantu abaningi. Ngakho-ke, abantu bazoyicubungula ibe yimikhiqizo ehlukene, futhi ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo nayo iphakeme kakhulu.

4. Okuqukethwe okuholela okuphansi
Esinye isizathu sokukhetha i-304 insimbi engagqwali ukuthi iqukethe umthofu omncane futhi ngokuyisisekelo ayinabungozi emzimbeni. Ngakho-ke, kubizwa nangokuthi insimbi engagqwali yezinga lokudla futhi ingasetshenziswa ngokuqondile ukwenza izitsha zokudla.

Kungani i-inox 304 ingelinye lamabanga asetshenziswa kakhulu futhi aziwa kakhulu ensimbi engagqwali

I-Inox 304 ingelinye lamabanga ensimbi engagqwali asetshenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yezici ezimbalwa ezibalulekile:

1. Ukumelana Nokugqwala

• Inikeza ukumelana okuhle kakhulu nokugqwala ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, okuyenza ifaneleke kokubili ukusetshenziswa kwangaphakathi nangaphandle.

2. Ukuguquguquka

• Ukwakheka kwayo okunokulinganisela kuvumela ukusetshenziswa ezimbonini eziningi, okuhlanganisa ukudla nesiphuzo, izakhiwo, ezezimoto, nezokwelapha.

3. Izinto Ezinhle Zemishini

• Inamandla aphezulu okudonsa kanye ne-ductility enhle, okuyenza ikwazi ukumelana nezingcindezi zemishini kanye nokuguqulwa ngaphandle kokuphuka.

4. Ukulula Kokwenziwa

• I-Inox 304 yenziwa kalula futhi yakhiwe yaba izimo nosayizi abahlukahlukene, okwenza kube lula izinqubo zokukhiqiza.

5. Ukushisela

• Ingashiselwa kalula kusetshenziswa wonke amasu ajwayelekile, iyenze ifaneleke izinhlelo zokusebenza zesakhiwo.

6. Izakhiwo Ezihlanzekile

• Indawo yayo ebushelelezi kanye nokumelana namagciwane kuyenza ilungele ukucutshungulwa kokudla kanye nezicelo zezokwelapha, lapho ukuhlanzeka kubaluleke kakhulu.

7. Izindleko-Ngempumelelo

• Nakuba ihlinzeka ngezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu, ngokuvamile ibiza kancane kunezinye izinsimbi ezingenasici ezisebenza kahle, okuyenza ibe ukukhetha ukonga kwamaphrojekthi amaningi.

8. Okungewona Uzibuthe

• Esimeni sayo sokuthunjwa, ayiwona uzibuthe, obalulekile ezinhlelweni ezithile lapho uzibuthe ungaba yinkinga.

9. Isikhalazo Sobuhle

• Igcina isiphetho esikhangayo, okwenza ifaneleke izinhlelo zokusebenza zezakhiwo nezokuhlobisa.

10.Ukutholakala Kwembulunga yonke

• Njengengxubevange evamile, ikhiqizwa kabanzi futhi itholakala kalula, okwenza ukuthola kube lula kubakhiqizi nakubathengi.

Lezi zici zihlangana zenze i-inox 304 ibe into yokuya kuyo yohlu olukhulu lwezinhlelo zokusebenza, okuholela ekusetshenzisweni kwayo okusabalele nokuqashelwa.

Isiphetho:

I-Inox 304 noma i-Stainless Steel 304 yaziwa ngokumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu, ukushisela okuhle namandla aphezulu. Ngokuvamile iqukethe u-18% we-chromium kanye ne-nickel engu-8% futhi ifanele uhla olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza. Lezi zakhiwo ziyenza ibe yizinga lensimbi engagqwali elisetshenziswa kabanzi emhlabeni jikelele.