I-304 insimbi engenasici yeyona ntsimbi ye-chromium-nickel esetyenziswa kakhulu. Njengentsimbi esetyenziswa ngokubanzi, inokumelana nokugqwala okuhle, ukumelana nobushushu, amandla obushushu obuphantsi kunye neempawu zoomatshini; inokusebenza okulungileyo okushushu okufana nokunyathela kunye nokugoba, kwaye ayinayo into yokwenza lukhuni unyango lobushushu (ubushushu bokusebenza -196℃～800℃).

Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayoInox 304(AISI 304) lolona hlobo lusetyenziswa kakhulu lwentsimbi engatyiwayo ngenxa yolungelelwaniso lwalo lomatshini kunye neekhemikhali.

Nazi iimpawu zayo eziphambili ze-inox 304:

1. Ukunyangwa kokuMhlwa

Ukuchasa okuphezulu kwi-corrosionkuluhlu olubanzi lwemekobume, ngakumbi iimeko zomoya kunye nokuvezwa kwiikhemikhali ezonakalisayo ezifana neeasidi kunye neekloridi.

Isebenza kakuhle kwiindawo ezivezwe kukufuma okanye ukufuma.

2. Ukuqamba

Iqulathe malungaI-18% yechromiumkwaye8% nickel, edla ngokubizwa ngokuba18/8 intsimbi engenasici.

Kukwabandakanya amanani amancinciikhabhoni (ubuninzi 0.08%), manganese, kwayeisilicon.

3. Iipropati zoomatshini

Tensile strength: Ngaphakathi515 MPa (75 ksi).

Unikeze Amandla: Ngaphakathi205 MPa (30 ksi).

Elongation: Ixhomekeke ku40%, ebonisa ukumila kakuhle.

Ukuqina: Ithambile kwaye inokusebenza nzima ngokusebenza okubandayo.

4. Ukubunjwa kunye noKwakha

Yenziwe lulakwiimilo ezahlukeneyo ngenxa ye-ductility yayo egqwesileyo, iyenza ilungele umzobo onzulu, ukucofa, kunye nokugoba.

Ukuwelda okulungileyo, ngokukodwa ifaneleka kuzo zonke iindlela zokuwelda eziqhelekileyo.

Ukusebenza okubandayo: Inokomelezwa kakhulu ngokusebenza okubandayo, kodwa kungekhona ngonyango lobushushu.

5. Ukumelana nobushushu

Ukumelana ne-oxidationixhomekeke ku870°C (1598°F)ekusetyenzisweni okwethutyana ukuya kuthi ga925°C (1697°F)kwinkonzo eqhubekayo.

Ayikhuthazwa ukuba isetyenziswe kwindawo ezibandakanya utyhileko oluqhubekayo kumaqondo obushushu angentla425-860°C (797-1580°F)ngenxa yomngcipheko we-carbide precipitation, enokunciphisa ukuxhathisa kwe-corrosion.

6. Ucoceko kunye neNkangeleko yobuhle

Kulula ukucoca nokugcinangenxa yobuso bayo obugudileyo, obuxhathisa ukukhula kwebhaktheriya, iyenza ilungele ukulungiswa kokutya kunye nezixhobo zasekhitshini.

Igcina ikhazimla kwaye inomtsalaneumphezulu wokugqiba, okwenza ukuba idume kwi-architecture, izixhobo zasekhitshini, kunye nezicelo zokuhombisa.

7. I-Non-Magnetic

Ngokubanzinon-magneticikwimo yayo, kodwa inokuba yimagnethi kancinane emva kokusebenza okubandayo.

8. Usetyenziso

Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwizixhobo zokulungisa ukutya, izixhobo zasekhitshini, izikhongozeli zeekhemikhali, ukugqunywa kwezakhiwo, kunye nezixhobo zonyango.

Ilungele imeko-bume efuna ukuxhathisa okulungileyo kokutya, ukuqina, kunye nokulula kokwenziwa.

9. Iindleko-Ukusebenza

Ixabiso eliphantsi kuneentsimbi ezikumgangatho ophezulu (ezifana ne-316) ngelixa zibonelela ngeepropati ezigqwesileyo jikelele, eziyenza idume kwizicelo ezininzi.

10.Ukunganyangeki kwii-Acids

Ukuxhathisa kwiiasidi ezininzi eziphilayokunye ne-acids e-corrosive kancinci, nangona inokuthi iqhube kakuhle kwiindawo ezine-acidic kakhulu okanye i-chloride-rich (njengamanzi olwandle), apho i-stainless steel 316 ikhethwa khona.

I-Inox 304 lukhetho olubalaseleyo lwentsimbi engenasici kuyo yonke indawo kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zokusingqongileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa, ukulinganisa iindleko, ukuqina, kunye nokusebenza.

Ukwakhiwa kweekhemikhali ze-inox 304:

0Cr18Ni9 (0Cr19Ni9)

C: ≤0.08%

Si: ≤1.0%

Mnu: ≤2.0%

Cr: 18.0 ~ 20.0%

Ni: 8.0 ~10.0%

S: ≤0.03%

P: ≤0.045%

Iimpawu ezibonakalayo ze-inox 304:

Amandla okuqina σb (MPa)>520

Amandla emveliso ngokwemiqathango σ0.2 (MPa)>205

Ubude δ5 (%)>40

Ukucutheka kwecandelo ψ (%)>60

Ukuqina: <187HB: 90HRB: <200HV

Ubuninzi (20℃, Kg/dm2): 7.93

Indawo yokunyibilikisa (℃): 1398~1454

Umthamo wobushushu obuthile (0~100℃, KJ·kg-1K-1): 0.50

Thermal conductivity (W·m-1·K-1): (100℃) 16.3, (500℃) 21.5

Ukwandiswa komlinganiso womgca (10-6·K-1): (0~100℃) 17.2, (0~500℃) 18.4

Ukuxhathisa (20℃, 10-6Ω·m2/m): 0.73

Imodyuli elastiki yobude (20℃, KN/mm2): 193

Izinto ezilungileyo kunye neempawu ze-inox 304:

1. Ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu
I-304 insimbi engenasici ithandwa ngabantu abaninzi ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi. Umzekelo, inokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, obungenakulinganiswa nentsimbi eqhelekileyo engenasici. I-304 yensimbi engenasici inokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu ukuya kuma-800 degrees kwaye inokusetyenziswa ngokusisiseko kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zobomi.

2. Ukumelana nokubola
I-304 yensimbi engenasici nayo ilungile kakhulu ekuxhathiseni ukubola. Ngenxa yokuba isebenzisa i-chromium-nickel element, ineempawu zekhemikhali ezizinzileyo kwaye ngokusisiseko akukho lula ukugrumba. Ngoko ke, i-304 insimbi engenasici ingasetyenziselwa njengento echasene ne-corrosion.

3. Ukuqina okuphezulu
I-304 yensimbi engenasici inempawu yokuqina okuphezulu, eyaziwayo kubantu abaninzi. Ke ngoko, abantu baya kuyiqhubela kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo, kwaye umgangatho wemveliso nawo uphezulu.

4. Umxholo ophantsi okhokelayo
Esinye isizathu sokukhetha i-304 yensimbi engenasici kukuba iqulethe ilothe encinci kwaye ayinabungozi emzimbeni. Ngoko ke, ikwabizwa ngokuba yintsimbi yokutya-ibakala lokutya kwaye ingasetyenziselwa ngokuthe ngqo ukwenza izitya zokutya.

Kutheni i-inox 304 yenye yezona zinto zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwaye ziyaziwa ngamabakala ensimbi engenasici

I-Inox 304 lelinye lawona mabanga asetyenziswa kakhulu entsimbi engenastainless ngenxa yezinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo:

1. Ukunyangwa kokuMhlwa

• Inika ukuxhathisa okugqwesileyo kwi-corrosion kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, iyenza ilungele usetyenziso lwangaphakathi nangaphandle.

2. Ukuguquguquka

• Ukwakheka kwayo okulinganayo kuvumela ukusetyenziswa kumashishini amaninzi, kubandakanya ukutya kunye nesiselo, ulwakhiwo, iimoto kunye nezonyango.

3. IiPropati eziLungileyo zoomatshini

• Inamandla aphezulu okuqina kunye ne-ductility efanelekileyo, eyenza ukuba imelane noxinzelelo lomatshini kunye nokuguqulwa ngaphandle kokuphuka.

4. Ukulula kokwenziwa

• I-Inox 304 yenziwe ngokulula kwaye yenziwe kwiimilo ezahlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu, okwenza kube lula iinkqubo zokuvelisa.

5. Ukuweldability

• Inokudityaniswa ngokulula kusetyenziswa zonke iindlela ezisemgangathweni, iyenze ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwezakhiwo.

6. IiPropati ezicocekileyo

• Ubuso bayo obugudileyo kunye nokuchasana neebhaktheriya kwenza kube yinto efanelekileyo yokulungiswa kokutya kunye nezicelo zonyango, apho ucoceko lubalulekile.

7. Iindleko-Ukusebenza

• Ngelixa ukubonelela ngeepropati ezigqwesileyo, ngokuqhelekileyo kungabizi kakhulu kunezinye iintsimbi ezingenasici eziphezulu zokusebenza, okwenza kube ukhetho olunoqoqosho kwiiprojekthi ezininzi.

8. I-Non-Magnetic

• Kwimeko yayo edibeneyo, ayiyo-magnetic, ebalulekileyo kwizicelo ezithile apho i-magnetism inokuba yingxaki.

9. Isibheno sobuhle

• Igcina ukugqiba okukhangayo, okwenza kube yinto efanelekileyo kwizicelo zokwakha kunye nokuhlobisa.

10.Ubukho behlabathi

• Njenge-alloy eqhelekileyo, iveliswa ngokubanzi kwaye ifumaneke ngokulula, okwenza kube lula ukufumana abavelisi kunye nabathengi.

Ezi mpawu zidibanisa ukwenza i-inox 304 ibe yinto ehamba phambili yoluhlu olukhulu lwezicelo, ezikhokelela ekusetyenzisweni kwayo ngokubanzi kunye nokuqatshelwa.

Isigqibo:

I-Inox 304 okanye iStainless Steel 304 yaziwa ngokugqwesa kwayo kwi-corrosion, i-weldability elungileyo kunye namandla aphezulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo iqulethe i-18% yechromium kunye ne-8% ye-nickel kwaye ilungele uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo. Ezi zakhiwo zenza ukuba ibakala lensimbi engenasici lisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwihlabathi jikelele.