Uthini umahluko phakathi kwe-304 kunye ne-316 yensimbi engenasici?

 

Umahluko ophambili phakathi kwe-304 kunye ne-316 yensimbi engenasici eyenza ukuba ihluke kukongeza i-molybdenum. Le ngxubevange yongeza kakhulu ukuxhathisa ukubola, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezinetyuwa eninzi okanye ezivezwe yikloridi. I-316 insimbi engenasici iqulethe i-molybdenum, kodwa i-304 ayinayo.

I-304 kunye ne-316 insimbi engenasici zimbini zezona ziqhelekileyo kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zensimbi engenasici. Ngelixa babelana ngezinto ezininzi ezifanayo,
kukho iiyantlukwano eziphambili ekubunjweni kwazo, ukuxhathisa ukubola, kunye nokusetyenziswa.

1. Ukuqulunqwa kwemichiza:

• 304 intsimbi engatyiwa:
  • I-Chromium:18-20%
  • Nikelo:8-10.5%
  • IManganese:≤2%
  • Ikhabhoni:≤0.08%
• 316 intsimbi engatyiwa:
  • I-Chromium:16-18%
  • Nikelo:10-14%
  • I-Molybdenum:2-3%
  • IManganese:≤2%
  • Ikhabhoni:≤0.08%

Umahluko oPhambili:I-316 insimbi engenasici iqulethe i-2-3% ye-molybdenum, engekho kwi-304. Olu longezo luphucula ukunyanzeliswa kwe-corrosion, ngokukodwa ngokuchasene ne-chlorides kunye nezinye i-solvents zamashishini.

2.Ukuxhathisa ukonakala:

• 304 intsimbi engatyiwa:
  • Inika ukuxhathisa okulungileyo kokutya kwiindawo ezininzi, ngakumbi amanzi angena-chlorinated.
• 316 intsimbi engatyiwa:
  • Ukumelana ne-corrosion ephezulu xa kuthelekiswa ne-304, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezinobunzima kunye nokuvezwa kwamanzi etyuwa, i-chlorides, kunye ne-acids.

Umahluko oPhambili:I-316 insimbi engenasici ixhathisa ngakumbi kumhlwa, iyenza ilungele ulwandle, iikhemikhali, kunye nezinye iindawo ezirhabaxa.

3. Iinkcazelo ngoomatshini:

• 304 intsimbi engatyiwa:
  • Amandla Okuqina: ~505 MPa (73 ksi)
  • Amandla eSivuno: ~215 MPa (31 ksi)
• 316 intsimbi engatyiwa:
  • Amandla Okuqina: ~515 MPa (75 ksi)
  • Amandla eSivuno: ~290 MPa (42 ksi)

Umahluko oPhambili:I-316 inokuqina okuphezulu kancinci kunye namandla emveliso, kodwa umahluko mncinci.

4. Usetyenziso:

• 304 intsimbi engatyiwa:
  • Iqhele ukusetyenziswa kwizixhobo zasekhitshini, izixhobo zasekhaya, iimoto zokulungisa iimoto, usetyenziso lwezakhiwo, kunye nezikhongozeli zoshishino.
• 316 intsimbi engatyiwa:
  • Ikhethwa ngokusingqongileyo efuna ukomelezwa ukumelana nokudleka, okufana nezixhobo zaselwandle, izixhobo zokulungisa iikhemikhali, izixhobo zoxubo mayeza nezonyango, kunye neendawo ezinetyuwa eninzi.

Umahluko oPhambili:I-316 isetyenziswe apho ukuxhathisa okuphezulu kwe-corrosion kufunwa, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezinzima.

5. Ixabiso:

• 304 intsimbi engatyiwa:
  • Ngokuqhelekileyo ixabiso elincinci ngenxa yokungabikho kwe-molybdenum.
• 316 intsimbi engatyiwa:
  • Ixabiso elithe kratya ngenxa yokongezwa kwe-molybdenum, ephucula ukuxhathisa ukubola kodwa inyusa iindleko zezinto.

Isishwankathelo:

• 304 Intsimbi engatyiwayinto yonke yentsimbi engenasici kunye nokuchasana kakuhle kwe-corrosion, esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiindawo apho umngcipheko we-corrosion uphantsi.
• 316 Intsimbi engatyiwainikeza ukuxhathisa okungcono kokuhlwa, ngakumbi ngokuchasene nekloridi kunye nezinye izinto ezonakalisayo, ziyenza ilungele iimeko ezisingqongileyo ezifuna ngamandla.

Ukukhetha phakathi kwezi zibini zihlala zixhomekeke kwiimeko ezithile zokusingqongileyo kunye nenqanaba elifunekayo lokumelana nokubola.