Hlau feem ntau yog cov hlau thiab carbon, tab sis feem ntau, cov ntsiab lus carbon tsawg dua 2%. Nws tsis ntau, tab sis carbon yog lub ntsiab tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam nws lub zog thiab hardness. Stainless hlau yog cov hlau uas muaj hlau, chromium, npib tsib xee, thiab qee zaum lwm yam khoom xws li molybdenum. Cov chromium ua rau stainless hlau zoo heev tiv taus corrosion.

• Carbon Steel: Cov khoom tseem ceeb yog hlau thiab carbon, nrog cov ntsiab lus carbon feem ntau yog li ntawm 0.2% mus rau 2.1%. Lwm cov ntsiab lus, xws li manganese, silicon, phosphorus, thiab sulfur, kuj tseem muaj me me.
• Stainless hlau: Nws feem ntau muaj hlau, carbon, thiab tsawg kawg yog 10.5% chromium (qee zaum kuj npib tsib xee). Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm chromium yog qhov tseem ceeb vim tias nws hnov ​​​​mob nrog cov pa hauv huab cua los tsim cov txheej txheem chromium oxide tuab, uas muab cov hlau tsis muaj xeb-resistant thiab corrosion-resistant zog.

Sib txawv hauv Cov Khoom

Vim qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv, stainless hlau thiab hlau kuj muaj cov khoom sib txawv heev. Tsis zoo li cov hlau tsis tu ncua, stainless hlau muaj chromium, uas tsim cov oxide txheej tiv thaiv uas tiv thaiv xeb thiab xeb.

Hais txog kev zoo nkauj zoo nkauj, stainless hlau yog polished thiab niaj hnub ntau dua li cov hlau tsis tu ncua. Feem ntau hom carbon hlau yog hlau nplaum, uas tuaj yeem ua tau zoo hauv qee yam kev siv. Tab sis stainless hlau, zoo li 304 lossis 316, tsis yog hlau nplaum.

Hlau VS Stainless Hlau: Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom

Kev tsim cov txheej txheem rau steel thiab stainless hlau koom nrog ntau theem ntawm kev tsim khoom los hloov cov ntaub ntawv raw rau hauv cov khoom kawg. Ntawm no yog cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tseem ceeb koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov hlau thiab stainless hlau:

Cov Txheej Txheem Hlau

A. Ironmaking

Thaum lub sijhawm txheej txheem no, hlau ore, coke (carbon), thiab fluxes (limestone) raug muab pub rau hauv qhov cub tawg. Cov cua kub hnyav melts cov hlau ore, thiab cov pa roj carbon monoxide txo cov hlau oxide, ua cov hlau molten, hu ua kub hlau.

B. Steelmaking

Siv cov txheej txheem oxygen hauv qhov cub (BOF) ua piv txwv. Cov txheej txheem BOF suav nrog them lub tshuab hluav taws xob kub kub lossis DRI rau hauv lub nkoj hloov pauv. High-purity oxygen yog tshuab mus rau hauv lub nkoj, oxidizing impurities thiab txo cov ntsiab lus carbon los ua hlau.

C. Nruam Casting

Nruam casting yog thaum molten hlau yog cam khwb cia rau hauv semi-tiav khoom, xws li slabs, billets, los yog paj. Nws yuav tsum tau nchuav cov hlau molten rau hauv dej-txias pwm thiab ua kom nws mus rau hauv ib qho txuas ntxiv mus. Cov strand yog ces txiav mus rau hauv xav lengths.

D. Kev tsim thiab tsim

Rolling: Lub semi-tiav steel khoom los ntawm nruam casting yog dov nyob rau hauv kub los yog txias dov mills kom txo thickness, txhim kho nto zoo, thiab ua tau raws li qhov xav tau qhov ntev.

Forging: Forging yog txheej txheem uas cov hlau rhuab yog zoo li siv compressive zog. Nws yog feem ntau siv los tsim cov khoom siv uas xav tau lub zog siab thiab ua haujlwm ntev.

Stainless hlau Manufacturing txheej txheem

A. Stainless Hlau Ntau Lawm

Melting: Stainless hlau yog tsim los ntawm melting ib tug ua ke ntawm hlau ore, chromium, npib tsib xee, thiab lwm yam alloying ntsiab nyob rau hauv hluav taws xob arc furnaces los yog induction furnaces.

Refining: Lub molten stainless hlau tau dhau los ua cov txheej txheem xws li argon oxygen decarburization (AOD) lossis nqus pa oxygen decarburization (VOD) los kho cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, tshem tawm impurities, thiab tswj cov khoom xav tau.

B. Kev tsim thiab tsim

Kub Rolling: Lub stainless hlau ingots los yog slabs yog rhuab thiab dhau los ntawm kub dov mills kom txo thickness thiab ua rau lawv rau hauv coils, nplooj ntawv, los yog daim hlau.

Cold Rolling: Txias dov ntxiv txo cov thickness ntawm stainless hlau thiab imparts xav tau nto finishes. Nws kuj tseem txhim kho cov khoom siv kho tshuab thiab qhov tseeb qhov tseeb.

C. Kev kho cua sov

Annealing: Stainless hlau undergoes annealing, txheej txheem kev kho cua sov, los txo cov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv thiab txhim kho nws cov ductility, machinability, thiab corrosion kuj.

Quenching thiab Tempering: Qee cov qib stainless hlau tau dhau los ua cov txheej txheem quenching thiab tempering los txhim kho lawv cov khoom siv, xws li hardness, toughness, thiab lub zog.

D. Cov txheej txheem tiav

Pickling: Stainless hlau nto tej zaum yuav pickled nyob rau hauv ib tug acid tov kom tshem tawm nplai, oxides, thiab lwm yam kab mob.

Passivation: Passivation yog ib qho tshuaj kho mob uas txhim khu kev tiv thaiv corrosion ntawm stainless hlau los ntawm kev tsim cov oxide txheej tiv thaiv ntawm qhov chaw.

Cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb uas ua haujlwm tuaj yeem sib txawv nyob ntawm seb qhov xav tau steel lossis qib stainless hlau thiab cov ntawv thov ntawm cov khoom kawg.

Hlau VS Stainless Hlau: Lub zog thiab kav ntev

Steel lub zog feem ntau yog nyob ntawm nws cov ntsiab lus carbon thiab lwm yam alloying ntsiab lus, xws li manganese, silicon, thiab cov lej ntawm cov khoom sib txawv. High-strength steels, xws li high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) thiab advanced high-strength steels (AHSS), yog siv nyob rau hauv xav tau kev siv xws li automotive manufacturing thiab kev tsim kho. Stainless hlau feem ntau muaj lub zog qis dua hlau, tab sis nws tseem muaj lub zog txaus rau feem ntau daim ntawv thov.

Hlau VS Stainless Hlau: Tus nqi sib piv

Hais txog tus nqi, cov hlau feem ntau pheej yig dua li cov hlau tsis muaj steel, uas ua rau nws muaj kev xaiv nyiaj txiag rau ntau txoj haujlwm, vim tias cov hlau tsis muaj steel yog kim dua los tsim dua cov hlau, ob qho tib si ntawm cov txheej txheem ntau lawm thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg.

Hlau VS Stainless Hlau: Daim ntawv thov

Hlau thiab stainless hlau yog ntau yam ntaub ntawv siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam industries. Hlau, nrog nws lub zog thiab kav ntev, feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho tej yaam num xws li txuas hniav, vaj tse, thiab infrastructure. Nws yog ib qho kev xaiv nrov rau cov khoom siv hauv tsev.

Stainless hlau cov khoom tiv thaiv corrosion ua rau nws zoo tagnrho rau ib puag ncig uas raug rau ya raws lossis tshuaj lom neeg muaj kev txhawj xeeb. Qhov no ua rau cov hlau tsis muaj hlau yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov khoom siv hauv chav ua noj, cov khoom siv ua zaub mov, khoom siv kho mob, thiab cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub.

Hauv kev lag luam tsheb, ob qho khoom siv ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb-steel feem ntau yog siv rau hauv tsheb thav duab rau nws lub zog, thaum stainless hlau siv rau hauv cov pa tawm vim nws tsis kam mus rau qhov kub thiab txias.

Xaus

Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau tsis tu ncua thiab stainless hlau yogcorrosion kuj. Thaum cov hlau tsis tu ncua muaj zog tab sis nquag xeb, stainless hlau tuaj yeem tiv thaiv xeb vim muaj chromium, uas tsim cov txheej txheem oxide tiv thaiv. Nyob ntawm daim ntawv thov, koj tuaj yeem xaiv cov khoom tsim nyog kom sib npaug ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab tus nqi.