Simbi inonyanya kuve alloy yesimbi uye kabhoni, asi kazhinji, iyo kabhoni yemukati iri pasi pe2%. Hazvina zvakawanda, asi kabhoni ndicho chinhu chakakosha chinopesvedzera simba rayo nekuoma kwayo. Simbi isina tsvina ialloy ine iron, chromium, nickel, uye dzimwe nguva zvimwe zvinhu zvakaita se molybdenum. Iyo chromium inogadzira simbi isina simbi inodzivirira zvakanyanya mukuora.

• Carbon Steel: Izvo zvakakosha zvinoumba iron uye kabhoni, ine kabhoni yemukati kazhinji inotangira pa0.2% kusvika 2.1%. Zvimwe zvinhu, zvakadai semanganese, silicon, phosphorus, uye sarufa, zvinogonawo kuvapo mune zvishoma.
• Simbi isina ngura: Iyo inonyanya kuve nesimbi, kabhoni, uye ingangoita 10.5% chromium (dzimwe nguva zvakare nickel). Kuwedzerwa kwechromium kwakakosha nekuti inopindirana neokisijeni mumhepo kuti iite dense chromium oxide layer, iyo inopa simbi isina tsvina yayo isingaite ngura uye isingaite ngura.

Siyana muZvinhu

Nekuda kwekusiyana kwekuumbwa, simbi isina tsvina uye simbi zvakare zvine zvinhu zvakasiyana kwazvo. Kusiyana nesimbi yenguva dzose, simbi isina tsvina ine chromium, iyo inoumba inodzivirira oxide layer inodzivirira ngura uye ngura.

Panyaya yeaesthetic hunhu, Stainless simbi inokwenenzverwa uye yemazuva ano kupfuura simbi yenguva dzose. Mazhinji marudzi ecarbon simbi ane magineti, ayo anogona kubatsira mune mamwe maapplication. Asi simbi isina tsvina, senge 304 kana 316, haina-magnetic.

Simbi VS Stainless Simbi: Manufacturing Matanho

Magadzirirwo ekugadzira simbi nesimbi isina tsvina anosanganisira matanho akati wandei ekugadzira kushandura mbishi kuita zvigadzirwa zvekupedzisira. Heano maitiro akakosha ekugadzira anobatanidzwa mukugadzirwa kwesimbi uye simbi isina tsvina:

Simbi Manufacturing Maitiro

A. Kugadzira simbi

Munguva iyi, iron ore, coke (carbon), uye fluxes (limestone) zvinoiswa muvira rinoputika. Kupisa kwakanyanya kunonyungudutsa ore yesimbi, uye kabhoni inoderedza iron oxide, ichigadzira iron yakanyungudutswa, inozivikanwa sesimbi inopisa.

B. Kugadzira simbi

Tora iyo basic oxygen furnace (BOF) process semuenzaniso. Iyo BOF maitiro inosanganisira kuchaja iyo blast furnace inopisa simbi kana DRI mumudziyo unoshandura. High-kuchena okisijeni inopeperetswa muchikepe, oxidizing tsvina uye kuderedza kabhoni content kugadzira simbi.

C. Kukandira Kunoramba Kuripo

Kuramba kuchikandwa ndipo apo simbi yakanyungudutswa inokandwa muzvigadzirwa zvehafu-yakapera, senge slabs, mabhiriji, kana maruva. Zvinosanganisira kudurura simbi yakanyungudutswa muforoma yakanyoroveswa nemvura uye kuisimbisa kuva tambo inopfuurira. Iyo tambo inozochekwa kuita hurefu hunodiwa.

D. Kuumba neKuumba

Rolling: Iyo semi-yakapedzwa zvigadzirwa zvesimbi kubva kunoramba ichikandwa zvinotenderedzwa mukupisa kana kutonhora kutenderedza mill kudzikisa ukobvu, kunatsiridza kunaka kwepasi, uye kuwana zviyero zvaunoda.

Forging: Forging inzira iyo simbi inopisa inoumbwa uchishandisa compression forces. Inowanzoshandiswa kugadzira zvikamu zvinoda simba guru uye kusimba.

Stainless Simbi Manufacturing Maitiro

A. Stainless Steel Production

Kunyunguduka: Simbi isina tsvina inogadzirwa nekunyungudusa musanganiswa wesimbi ore, chromium, nickel, uye mamwe maalloying zvinhu mumagetsi arc furnaces kana induction furnaces.

Kunatsa: Simbi yakanyungudutswa isina tsvina inopinda maitiro ekunatsa senge argon oxygen decarburization (AOD) kana vacuum oxygen decarburization (VOD) kugadzirisa kuumbwa, kubvisa tsvina, uye kutonga zvinhu zvinodiwa.

B. Kuumba neKuumba

Hot Rolling: Ingots yesimbi isina simbi kana kuti slabs inodziiswa uye inopfuudzwa nemumagayo anopisa kuti aderedze ukobvu nekuagadzira kuita makoiri, mapepa, kana ndiro.

Cold Rolling: Cold rolling inowedzera kudzikisira ukobvu hwesimbi isina tsvina uye inopa inodiwa pamusoro pekupedzisira. Iyo zvakare inovandudza ma mechanical properties uye dimensional kurongeka.

C. Kurapa Kupisa

Annealing: Simbi isina tsvina inopinda mukati, maitiro ekupisa kupisa, kubvisa kushushikana kwemukati uye kuvandudza ductility yayo, machinability, uye corrosion resistance.

Kudzima uye Kudzikamisa: Mamwe mamakisi esimbi asina simbi anodzima uye kudzikamisa maitiro kuti awedzere maitiro avo emuchina, sekuoma, kusimba, uye simba.

D. Kupedzisa Maitiro

Pickling: Nzvimbo dzeSimbi dzisina tsvina dzinogona kubikwa muine acid mhinduro kubvisa chikero, maokisijeni, uye zvimwe zvinosvibisa pamusoro.

Passivation: Passivation ikemikari kurapa iyo inokwidziridza kushora kwesimbi isina tsvina nekugadzira inodzivirira oxide layer pamusoro.

Matanho chaiwo anoshandiswa anogona kusiyana zvichienderana nesimbi yaunoda kana giredhi resimbi isina simbi uye chinangwa chekushandiswa kwechigadzirwa chekupedzisira.

Simbi VS Stainless Simbi: Simba uye Kusimba

Simba reSimbi rinonyanya kuenderana neiyo kabhoni yemukati uye zvimwe zvinhu zvealloying, senge manganese, silicon, uye inoteedzera huwandu hwezvinhu zvakasiyana. Simbi dzakasimba, dzakadai seyepamusoro-simba low-alloy (HSLA) uye simbi dzepamusoro-soro (AHSS), dzinoshandiswa mukukumbira zvikumbiro sekugadzira mota nekuvaka. Simbi isina simba kazhinji ine simba rakaderera pane simbi, asi ichine simba rakakwana kune akawanda maapplication.

Simbi VS Stainless Simbi: Mutengo Kuenzanisa

Panyaya yemutengo, simbi inowanzova yakachipa kupfuura simbi isina tsvina, iyo inoita kuti ive sarudzo-inoshamwaridzana bhajeti kune akawanda mapurojekiti, sezvo simbi isina tsvina inodhura kugadzira kupfuura simbi, zvese maererano nekugadzirwa kwemaitiro uye kuumbwa.

Simbi VS Stainless Simbi: Zvikumbiro

Simbi uye simbi isina tsvina zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoshandiswa mukushandisa kwakasiyana mumaindasitiri akasiyana. Simbi, nesimba rayo nekusimba kwayo, inowanikwa muzvirongwa zvekuvaka semabhiriji, zvivakwa, uye zvivakwa. Isarudzo yakakurumbira yezvikamu zvekugadzirisa.

Stainless simbi inodzivirirwa necorrosion properties inoita kuti ive yakanaka kune nharaunda umo kuratidzwa nehunyoro kana kemikari kunetsa. Izvi zvinoita kuti simbi isina tsvina ive sarudzo yepamusoro yemidziyo yemukicheni, michina yekugadzira chikafu, midziyo yekurapa, uye zvishongo.

Muindasitiri yemotokari, zvese zviri zviviri zvinotamba basa rakakosha - simbi inowanzoshandiswa mumafuremu emotokari nekuda kwesimba rayo, nepo simbi isina tsvina ichishandiswa mumagetsi emagetsi nekuda kwekupokana kwayo nekupisa kwakanyanya uye ngura.

Mhedziso

Musiyano wakakosha pakati pesimbi yenguva dzose uye simbi isina tsvina ndeyecorrosion resistance. Nepo simbi yenguva dzose yakasimba asi ichida kuita ngura, simbi isina simbi inogona kuramba ngura nekuda kwekuvapo kwechromium, iyo inoumba inodzivirira oxide layer. Zvichienderana nekushandisa, unogona kusarudza iyo yakakodzera zvinhu kuti uenzanise kuita uye mutengo.