Umahluko ekubunjweni kwenza insimbi engenasici kunye nentsimbi ifaneleke kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo. Ngamandla anamandla kunye nokufikeleleka, intsimbi yeyona nto ibalulekileyo kwiziseko zophuhliso, oomatshini kunye nokuvelisa. Intsimbi engagqwaliyo inika inkcaso egqwesileyo yokungathotywa kunye nococeko. Isetyenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeni ukutya, izixhobo zonyango, ulwakhiwo, kunye nezicelo zokuhombisa.
Steel VS Steel engatyiwa : Ukubunjwa kwemichiza kunye neePropati
Ukwakheka kweekhemikhali kunye neepropathi zentsimbi kunye nentsimbi engatyiwayo ziyahluka kakhulu, kunye nentsimbi engatyiwayo enikezela ukuxhathisa okugqwesileyo, ukubhenela okuhle, kunye nokulula kokugcinwa xa kuthelekiswa nentsimbi eqhelekileyo.
Ukwahluka kuNxibelelwano lweMichiza
Intsimbi ngokuyinhloko i-alloy yentsimbi kunye nekhabhoni, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo, umxholo wekhabhoni ungaphantsi kwe-2%. Akuninzi, kodwa i-carbon yinto ephambili echaphazela amandla kunye nobunzima bayo. Insimbi engenasici yialloyi enentsimbi, ichromium, nickel, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha nezinye izinto ezifana nemolybdenum. Ichromium yenza intsimbi engatyiwayo imelane ngokugqwesileyo ekudlekeni.
- Intsimbi yeCarbon: Iinqununu eziphambili ziyintsimbi kunye nekhabhoni, kunye nomxholo wekhabhoni ngokuqhelekileyo ukusuka kwi-0.2% ukuya kwi-2.1%. Ezinye izinto, ezifana ne-manganese, i-silicon, i-phosphorus, kunye ne-sulfure, zinokubakho kwiimali ezincinci.
- Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo: Ngokuyintloko iqulethe isinyithi, i-carbon, kunye ne-10.5% yechromium ubuncinane (ngamanye amaxesha kunye ne-nickel). Ukongezwa kwechromium kubalulekile kuba idibana neoksijini esemoyeni ukuze yenze umaleko oshinyeneyo wechromium oxide, onika intsimbi engatyiwayo iipropathi zayo ezikwaziyo ukumelana nomhlwa kunye neendawo ezikwaziyo ukuginya.
Ukwahluka kwiiPropati
Ngenxa yokungafani kokubunjwa, insimbi engenasici kunye nentsimbi nayo ineempawu ezahlukileyo kakhulu. Ngokungafaniyo nentsimbi eqhelekileyo, isinyithi esingenasici sinechromium, eyenza umaleko okhuselayo okhuselweyo okhusela umhlwa kunye nokubola.
Ngokubhekiselele kwiimpawu zobuhle, insimbi engenasici iphucuke ngakumbi kwaye yanamhlanje kunentsimbi eqhelekileyo. Uninzi lweentlobo ze-carbon steel zimagnetic, ezinokuthi zibe luncedo kwizicelo ezithile. Kodwa insimbi engenasici, efana ne-304 okanye i-316, ayinamagnetic.
Steel VS Steel Stainless : Iinkqubo zokuvelisa
Iinkqubo zokuvelisa intsimbi kunye nentsimbi engenasici zibandakanya amanqanaba amaninzi okuvelisa ukuguqula izinto ezikrwada zibe yimveliso yokugqibela. Nazi iinkqubo ezibalulekileyo zokuvelisa ezibandakanyekayo kwimveliso yentsimbi kunye nentsimbi:
Iinkqubo zokwenziwa kwentsimbi
A. Ukwenza intsimbi
Ebudeni bale nkqubo, intsimbi ekrwada, icoke (ikhabhoni), nefluxes (ilitye lekalika) zifakwa kwiziko eliqhumayo. Ubushushu obunamandla bunyibilikisa intsimbi ekrwada, yaye ikharbhon inciphisa iiron oxide, ivelise intsimbi etyhidiweyo, eyaziwa ngokuba yintsimbi eshushu.
B. Ukwenza intsimbi
Thatha inkqubo yesiseko se-oksijini yomlilo (BOF) njengomzekelo. Inkqubo ye-BOF ibandakanya ukutshaja isithando somlilo esivuthayo okanye i-DRI kwisitya sokuguqula. I-oksijeni ecocekileyo ivuthelwa kwisikhephe, i-oxidizing ukungcola kunye nokunciphisa umxholo wekhabhoni ukuvelisa intsimbi.
C. Ukudlala ngokuqhubekayo
Ukwenziwa ngokuqhubekayo kuxa intsimbi enyibilikisiweyo igalelwa kwiimveliso eziphantse zagqitywa, ezinje nge slabs, iibhilithi, okanye iintyatyambo. Kubandakanya ukuthulula intsimbi etyhidiweyo kwi-mold epholileyo yamanzi kunye nokuqiniswa kwi-strand eqhubekayo. I-strand ke inqunywe ubude obufunwayo.
D. Ukubumba kunye nokuBumba
Ukuqengqeleka: Iimveliso zentsimbi ezigqityiweyo ezigqityiweyo ukusuka ekuqhutshweni okuqhubekayo ziqengqeleka kwimill yokuqengqeleka eshushu okanye ebandayo ukunciphisa ubukhulu, ukuphucula umgangatho womphezulu, kunye nokufezekisa imilinganiselo efunekayo.
Ukubumba: Ukubumba yinkqubo apho intsimbi efudunyeziweyo ibunjwa kusetyenziswa amandla oxinzelelo. Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa ukwenza amacandelo afuna amandla aphezulu kunye nokuqina.
Iinkqubo zokwenziwa kweNsimbi engatyiwa
A. Imveliso yeNsimbi engenaNsimbi
Ukunyibilika: Intsimbi engatyiwayo iveliswa ngokunyibilikisa indibaniselwano yentsimbi ekrwada, ichromium, i-nickel, kunye nezinye izinto ezixutywayo kwiziko lombane le-arc okanye kwiziko lokungeniswa.
Ukusulungekiswa: Insimbi etyhidiweyo engenasici ingena kwiinkqubo zokucoca ezifana ne-argon oxygen decarburization (AOD) okanye i-vacuum oxygen decarburization (VOD) ukulungisa ukubunjwa, ukususa ukungcola, nokulawula iimpawu ezifunwayo.
B. Ukubumba kunye nokuBumba
I-Hot Rolling: Ii-ingots zensimbi ezingenasici okanye ii-slabs ziyafudunyezwa kwaye zigqithwe kwii-mill rolling ezishisayo ukunciphisa ubukhulu kwaye zibumbe zibe zikhoyili, amashiti, okanye iipleyiti.
Ukuqengqeleka okubandayo: Ukuqengqeleka okubandayo kunciphisa ngakumbi ubungqingqwa bentsimbi engatyiwayo kwaye bugqithise umphezulu ofunekayo. Ikwaphucula iimpawu zoomatshini kunye nokuchaneka komda.
C. Unyango lokutshisa
I-Anealing: Insimbi engenasici idlula kwi-annealing, inkqubo yonyango lokushisa, ukukhulula uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi kunye nokuphucula i-ductility yayo, i-machinability, kunye ne-corrosion resistance.
Ukucinywa kunye nokufudumeza: Amanye amabakala ensimbi engenasici angena kwiinkqubo zokucinywa kunye nokufudumeza ukomeleza iipropathi zabo zoomatshini, ezinjengokuqina, ukuqina, kunye namandla.
D. Iinkqubo zokuGqiba
I-Pickling: Imiphezulu yentsimbi engatyiwayo inokuvunwa kwisisombululo se-asidi ukususa isikali, i-oxides, kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolisa umphezulu.
I-Passivation: I-Passivation yonyango lwekhemikhali ephakamisa ukuxhathisa kwe-corrosion yensimbi engenasici ngokwenza umaleko okhuselayo we-oxide phezu komhlaba.
Iinkqubo ezithile ezisetyenzisiweyo zingahluka ngokuxhomekeka kwintsimbi efunwayo okanye ibakala lensimbi engenasici kunye nokusetyenziswa okujoliswe kuyo kwimveliso yokugqibela.
Intsimbi VS Intsimbi engatyiwayo : Amandla kunye noKuhlala ixesha elide
Amandla entsimbi ngokuyintloko axhomekeke kumxholo wekhabhoni kunye nezinye izinto ezidibanisayo, ezinje ngemanganese, isilicon, kunye nezixa zomkhondo zamacandelo ahlukeneyo. Iintsimbi eziphezulu, ezifana ne-high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) kunye ne-high-high-strength steels (AHSS), zisetyenziselwa izicelo ezifunwayo ezifana nokuveliswa kweemoto kunye nokwakhiwa. Intsimbi engatyiwayo inamandla asezantsi kunentsimbi, kodwa isenawo amandla awoneleyo kuninzi lwezicelo.
Steel VS Steel Stainless : Uthelekiso lweendleko
Ngokwexabiso, insimbi ngokuqhelekileyo inexabiso eliphantsi kunensimbi engenasici, eyenza kube yinto ekhethiweyo yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali kwiiprojekthi ezininzi, njengoko insimbi engenasici ibiza kakhulu ukuvelisa kunentsimbi, zombini ngokwenkqubo yokuvelisa kunye nokubunjwa.
Steel VS Stainless Steel : Izicelo
Intsimbi kunye nentsimbi engenasici zizinto eziguquguqukayo ezisetyenziswa kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo kumashishini ahlukeneyo. Intsimbi, enamandla kunye nokuqina kwayo, iqhele ukufunyanwa kwiiprojekthi zokwakha ezifana neebhulorho, izakhiwo kunye neziseko zophuhliso. Lukhetho oludumileyo lwamacandelo olwakhiwo.
Iipropathi zentsimbi engatyiwa ngumhlwa ziyenza ilunge kwindawo apho ukuvezwa kokufuma okanye imichiza kuyinkxalabo. Oku kwenza intsimbi engatyiwayo ibe lukhetho oluphezulu lwezixhobo zasekhitshini, izixhobo zokulungisa ukutya, izixhobo zonyango, kunye nobucwebe.
Kwimizi-mveliso yeemoto, zombini izixhobo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo-intsimbi isoloko isetyenziswa kwizakhelo zeenqwelo-mafutha ngenxa yamandla ayo, ngelixa insimbi engenasici isetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zokukhupha ngenxa yokumelana namaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye nokugqwala.
Ukuqukumbela
Umahluko ophambili phakathi kwentsimbi eqhelekileyo kunye nentsimbi engenasiciukumelana nomhlwa. Ngelixa intsimbi eqhelekileyo yomelele kodwa ithanda ukuba nomhlwa, intsimbi engatyiwayo inokuxhathisa umhlwa ngenxa yobukho bechromium, eyenza umaleko okhuselayo weoxide. Ngokuxhomekeke kwisicelo, unokukhetha izinto ezifanelekileyo ukulungelelanisa ukusebenza kunye neendleko.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-23-2024