ferritic stainless steel
Chromium 15% a 30%. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o kona pale ʻana i ka corrosion, ka paʻakikī a me ka weldability me ka piʻi ʻana o ka chromium content, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kona kūʻē ʻana i ka chloride stress corrosion ma mua o nā ʻano ʻano ʻē aʻe o ke kila kila, e like me Crl7, Cr17Mo2Ti, Cr25, Cr25Mo3Ti, Cr28, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i nā hale kūpaʻa waika me ke koʻikoʻi haʻahaʻa a me ke kila anti-oxidation. Hiki i kēia ʻano kila ke pale aku i ka corrosion o ka lewa, nitric acid a me ka paʻakai paʻakai, a loaʻa iā ia nā ʻano o ka maikaʻi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe oxidation kū'ē a me ka liʻiliʻi thermal expansion coefficient. Hoʻohana ʻia ia i loko o ka waikawa nitric a me nā mea hana hale meaʻai, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā ʻāpana hana i nā wela kiʻekiʻe, e like me nā ʻāpana turbine gas, etc.

Austenitic kila kila
Loaʻa iā ia ma mua o 18% chromium, a loaʻa pū ma kahi o 8% nickel a me kahi liʻiliʻi o ka molybdenum, titanium, nitrogen a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka hana holoʻokoʻa maikaʻi, kū i ka corrosion e nā media like ʻole. ʻO nā māka maʻamau o ka austenitic stainless steel ʻo 1Cr18Ni9, 0Cr19Ni9 a pēlā aku. ʻO ke kila Wc o 0Cr19Ni9 ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o 0.08%, a ua hōʻailona ʻia ka helu kila ma ke ʻano he "0". ʻO kēia ʻano kila ka nui o Ni a me Cr, ka mea e hana ai i ke kila austenitic i ka lumi wela. ʻO kēia ʻano kila he plasticity maikaʻi, paʻakikī, weldability, corrosion resistance a me ka non-magnetic a nāwaliwali nā waiwai magnetic. ʻO nā mea kūʻai wai-kūʻai, e like me nā pahu a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, nā laina paipu, nā ʻāpana mea kūʻai wai nitric, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka mea nui o nā mea wati kila Austenitic e hoʻohana maʻamau i ka lāʻau hoʻonā, ʻo ia hoʻi, ua hoʻomehana ʻia ke kila i 1050-1150 ° C, a laila hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia i ka wai a i ʻole hoʻokahi.

Austenitic-ferritic duplex kila kila
Loaʻa iā ia nā mea maikaʻi o nā austenitic a me ka ferritic stainless steels, a he superplasticity. Austenite a me ka ferrite i kēlā me kēia helu no ka hapalua o ke kila kila. I ka hihia o ka haʻahaʻa kalapona maʻiʻo, ka maʻiʻo o chromium (Cr) mea 18% ~ 28%, a me ka maʻiʻo o nickel (Ni) mea 3% ~ 10%. Aia kekahi mau kila i nā mea hoʻohui e like me Mo, Cu, Si, Nb, Ti, a me N. ʻO kēia ʻano kila ke ʻano o ka austenitic a me ka ferritic stainless steel. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka ferrite, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka plasticity a me ka paʻakikī, ʻaʻohe lumi wela brittleness, hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi loa i ke kūpaʻa intergranular corrosion a me ka hana kuʻi, ʻoiai e mālama ana i ka hao ʻO ke kino kuhili ʻole he brittle ma 475 ° C, he kiʻekiʻe thermal conductivity, a loaʻa nā ʻano o ka superplasticity. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka austenitic stainless steel, loaʻa iā ia ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe a hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi i ke kūʻē ʻana i ka corrosion intergranular a me ka corrosion stress chloride. He kila kila maikaʻi loa ka Duplex stainless steel.

Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ke kila kila
ʻO ka matrix he austenite a martensite paha, a ʻo nā māka maʻamau o ka paʻakikī paʻakikī o ka ua he 04Cr13Ni8Mo2Al a pēlā aku. He kila kuhiliʻole hiki ke paʻakikī (hoʻoikaika ʻia) e ka paʻakikī o ka ua (kahi i ʻike ʻia ʻo ka makahiki paʻakikī).

Ke kila kila ʻole Martensitic
Ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, akā maikaʻi ʻole ka plasticity a me ka weldability. ʻO nā māka maʻamau o ka martensitic stainless steel ʻo 1Cr13, 3Cr13, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka carbon content, he kiʻekiʻe ka ikaika, ka paʻakikī a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana, akā ʻilihune iki ke kūpaʻa corrosion, a ua hoʻohana ʻia no nā waiwai mechanical kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa corrosion. Pono kekahi mau ʻāpana maʻamau, e like me nā pūnāwai, nā ʻōpala turbine mahu, nā valve kaomi hydraulic, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Pono ka Annealing ma hope o ka hana ʻana a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana.