insimbi engagqwali ye-ferritic
I-Chromium 15% kuya ku-30%. Ukumelana nokugqwala kwayo, ukuqina nokushisela kwayo kuyanda ngokukhula kokuqukethwe kwe-chromium, futhi ukumelana kwayo nokugqwala kokucindezeleka kwe-chloride kungcono kunezinye izinhlobo zensimbi engagqwali, njenge-Crl7, Cr17Mo2Ti, Cr25, Cr25Mo3Ti, Cr28, njll. izakhiwo zayo zemishini kanye nokusebenza kwenqubo kubi. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezakhiweni ezimelana ne-asidi ezinengcindezi ephansi futhi njengensimbi elwa ne-oxidation. Lolu hlobo lwensimbi lungamelana nokugqwala komkhathi, i-nitric acid nesisombululo sikasawoti, futhi lunezici zokumelana okuhle kwe-oxidation lokushisa eliphezulu kanye ne-coefficient encane yokwandisa ukushisa. Isetshenziselwa i-nitric acid kanye nemishini yefektri yokudla, futhi ingasetshenziswa ukwenza izingxenye ezisebenza emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, njengezingxenye ze-turbine yegesi, njll.

Insimbi engagqwali ye-Austenitic
Iqukethe i-chromium engaphezu kuka-18%, futhi iqukethe cishe u-8% we-nickel kanye nenani elincane le-molybdenum, i-titanium, i-nitrogen nezinye izakhi. Ukusebenza okuhle kukonke, ukumelana nokugqwala yimidiya ehlukahlukene. Amamaki ajwayelekile ensimbi engagqwali ye-austenitic yi-1Cr18Ni9, 0Cr19Ni9 njalonjalo. I-Wc yensimbi engu-0Cr19Ni9 ingaphansi kuka-0.08%, futhi inombolo yensimbi imakwe ngokuthi “0″. Lolu hlobo lwensimbi luqukethe inani elikhulu le-Ni ne-Cr, elenza insimbi ibe i-austenitic ekamelweni lokushisa. Lolu hlobo lwensimbi lunopulasitiki omuhle, ukuqina, ukushisela, ukumelana nokugqwala kanye ne-non-magnetic noma i-corrosion ebuthakathaka isetshenziswa ekunciphiseni amandla kazibuthe futhi inokumelana okuhle nozibuthe. yenza okokusebenza okumelana ne-asidi, njengeziqukathi nezinto zokusebenza ezikwazi ukumelana nokugqwala, amapayipi, izingxenye zemishini ye-nitric acid, njll., futhi zingasetshenziswa njengezinto eziyinhloko zezisekeli zewashi lensimbi engagqwali i-Austenitic stainless steel ngokuvamile isebenzisa ukwelashwa kwesixazululo, okungukuthi, insimbi ifudunyezwa ibe ngu-1050-1150-° C noma i-airco-°. isakhiwo se-austenite.

Insimbi engagqwali ye-Austenitic-ferritic duplex
Inezinzuzo zazo zombili izinsimbi ezingenasici ze-austenitic ne-ferritic, futhi ine-superplasticity. I-Austenite ne-ferrite i-akhawunti ngayinye cishe ingxenye yensimbi engagqwali. Endabeni yokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni ephansi, okuqukethwe kwe-chromium (Cr) kungu-18%~28%, futhi okuqukethwe kwe-nickel (Ni) kungu-3%~10%. Ezinye izinsimbi nazo ziqukethe izakhi ze-alloying ezifana ne-Mo, Cu, Si, Nb, Ti, ne-N. Lolu hlobo lwensimbi lunezici zazo zombili izinsimbi ezingenasici ze-austenitic ne-ferritic. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-ferrite, ine-plasticity ephakeme kanye nokuqina, akukho ukushisa kwegumbi, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-intergranular corrosion ukumelana nokusebenza kwe-welding, ngenkathi igcina insimbi Insimbi engagqwali yomzimba i-brittle ku-475 ° C, ine-conductivity ephezulu ye-thermal, futhi inezici ze-superplasticity. Uma iqhathaniswa nensimbi engagqwali ye-austenitic, inamandla amakhulu futhi ithuthukise kakhulu ukumelana nokugqwala kwe-intergranular kanye nokugqwala kokucindezeleka kwe-chloride. Insimbi engagqwali e-Duplex inokumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu kwe-pitting futhi iyinsimbi engagqwali eyonga i-nickel.

Insimbi Engagqwali Eqinile Eqinile
I-matrix iyi-austenite noma i-martensite, futhi amamaki asetshenziswa kakhulu ensimbi engenasici eqinile yi-04Cr13Ni8Mo2Al njalo njalo. Kuyinsimbi engagqwali engaqiniswa (iqiniswe) ngokuqiniswa kwemvula (eyaziwa nangokuthi ukuqina kweminyaka).

Insimbi engagqwali ye-Martensitic
Amandla aphezulu, kodwa ipulasitiki empofu kanye nokushisela. Amabanga asetshenziswa kakhulu ensimbi engagqwali ye-martensitic yi-1Cr13, 3Cr13, njll., ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni ephezulu, inamandla amakhulu, ukuqina nokumelana nokugqokwa, kepha ukumelana nokugqwala kuncane kabi, futhi isetshenziselwa izakhiwo eziphakeme zemishini kanye nokungagqwali. Ezinye izingxenye ezijwayelekile ziyadingeka, njengeziphethu, ama-steam turbine blades, ama-valve okucindezela amanzi, njll. Lolu hlobo lwensimbi lusetshenziswa ngemva kokucisha nokushisa. I-annealing iyadingeka ngemuva kokufoja nokunyathela.