Mapepala osapanga dzimbiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale ambiri chifukwa cha kulimba kwawo, kukana kwa dzimbiri komanso kutha kwapamwamba. Komabe, chifukwa cha makulidwe ake osiyanasiyana, zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zimafunikira kudutsa njira zingapo pomanga, ndipo njirazi zimatha kusiyanasiyana malinga ndi polojekiti.

Kudula zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri kumafuna kusankha njira yoyenera yodula malinga ndi makulidwe a pepala, zofunikira zolondola ndi zida zomwe zilipo. Nayi kalozera wopangidwa:

1. Zomwe muyenera kuziganizira podula zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri

Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndizovuta kudula chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake, omwe amakhudza kudula bwino. Nkhani monga kuchepa kwa kuuma kwa zinthu, kukana kutentha kwake ndi zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito podula zimawonekera:

Zinthu zakuthupi

Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi cholimba komanso chosagwirizana ndi mankhwala, kuti chikhale choyenera ntchito zambiri, koma ndizovuta kupanga. Kutentha kwakukulu panthawi yodula kungayambitse kuwonongeka, pamene kuuma kwake kumayambitsa kuvala mofulumira kwa chida.

Makulidwe a mapepala

Chikhalidwe cha ntchitoyo chimadalira makulidwe a zinthu, mapepala owonda amatha kudulidwa ndi manja kapena makina ang'onoang'ono, pamene mapepala akuluakulu amafunikira makina akuluakulu monga kudula kwa plasma kapena kudula jeti lamadzi. Kuwongolera kutentha ndikofunikira.

Kudula chida durability

Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, zida zapadera monga carbide kapena zida za laser zamakampani zimafunikira pakudula. Ndikofunikira kuti zida zapaderazi zitha kudula momasuka popanda kuwononga zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri panthawi yodula.

Kuwongolera kutentha

Popeza izi ndizovuta, zida zoyenera monga zida za carbide ndi lasers zamakampani zimafunikira. Amagwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera zodulira kuti akwaniritse zotsatira zabwino popewa kuwonongeka kwa zida panthawi yodula.

Zofunikira zolondola

Malingana ndi zosowa za polojekitiyi, kulondola kwambiri kumatanthawuza zida ndi njira zodulira. Makina ocheka a laser kapena madzi amatha kupanga mabala abwino, pamene mabala osavuta, zida zosavuta monga shears kapena lumo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito podula mapepala owonda.

2. Kusankha chida ndi makulidwe oyenera

Mapepala owonda (≤1.2mm, monga pansi pa 18 geji)

Zida zamanja

Zosenga za ndege (zosenga za malata): oyenera kudula mowongoka kapena yokhotakhota, kusinthasintha koma ntchito yolemetsa, iyenera kudula muzigawo zing'onozing'ono kuti muchepetse kupunduka; oyenera ntchito zazing'ono.

Magetsi amagetsi (Nibbler): kudula ndi kukhomerera zigawo zing'onozing'ono za zinthu, zoyenera mawonekedwe ovuta, kuchepetsa mapepala a warping ndi mapindikidwe.

Kudula kwa laser: kulondola kwambiri, kopanda burr, koyenera pazosowa zamafakitale, koma kumafunikira chithandizo cha akatswiri.

Njira zabwino kwambiri

››Kuchepetsa kutentha
Nthawi zambiri, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chopyapyala chimatha kutenthedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisawonongeke kapena kusinthika. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito liwiro la chida choyenera ndipo, ngati kuli kofunikira, zoziziritsa kukhosi monga kudula madzi ndi jets zamadzi, mutha kupewa izi.

››Khazikitsani pepala
Onetsetsani kuti yakhazikika pamwamba kuti idulidwe ndikuwonetsetsa kuti sikuyenda pamene ikugwira ntchito. Izi zidzapewa kudutsa m'malo osayenera ndikuyambitsa zikanda zambiri pa pepala; zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale bwino, zoyera komanso zolondola kwambiri.

›› Dulani m'mphepete
Kuthwanima kumatanthauza kuthekera kwa m'mphepete kapena kukhwima pa njere ndi pansi pa malo mutadula. Ndibwino kuti mugwiritse ntchito chida chochotsa kapena sandpaper kuti muthe kudula bwino ndikukwaniritsa mawonekedwe omwe mukufuna.

Ma mbale apakati ndi okhuthala (1.2-3mm, monga zosakwana 1/8 inchi)

Zida zamagetsi

Jig saw (ndi bimetallic saw tsamba): Gwiritsani ntchito tsamba la 18-24 TPI la mano abwino, kudula pang'onopang'ono ndipo gwiritsani ntchito choziziritsa kuzizira kuti musatenthedwe ndi kuuma.

Circular saw (tsamba la carbide): Muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito chowongolera kuti muwonetsetse kudula molunjika, kupopera mafuta odula kuti muchepetse mikangano.

Kudula kwa plasma: Oyenera kudula mofulumira mbale wandiweyani, koma amafuna mpweya kompresa ndi zipangizo zoteteza, ndipo kudula kungafunike kupukutidwa.

Ukadaulo wozizira: Kutentha si vuto la chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, koma kuziziritsa panthawi yodula kungayambitse kupunduka kapena kutopa. Zida monga madzi, mpweya ndi madzi odulira zimatha kuchepetsa kuvala kwa zinthuzo, potero kumapangitsa kuti tsambalo likhale lolimba.

Mambale okhuthala (≥3mm, monga 1/4 inchi ndi pamwamba)

Angle chopukusira (gudumu lopera lapadera la chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri): Kudula kwapakatikati, pewani kutentha kwambiri kumayambitsa kuuma kwa zinthu, ndi kuvala zida zodzitetezera.

Wodula plasma: oyenera malo mafakitale, amafuna mpweya kompresa ndi zipangizo zoteteza, imayenera kudula mbale wandiweyani.

Laser/water jet kudula: palibe malo omwe akukhudzidwa ndi kutentha, kulondola kwambiri, koyenera kukonzedwa bwino kwambiri kwamawonekedwe ovuta, koma mtengo wake ndi wapamwamba.

Kudula madzimadzi ndi lubrication: Ma shear a Hydraulic ndi oyenera kwambiri kudula mizere yowongoka yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chopyapyala, makamaka pama mbale okhuthala. Ma shear a Hydraulic amatha kukakamiza kwambiri kuti akwaniritse mabala oyera komanso opyapyala munthawi yochepa kwambiri, chifukwa chake ndi abwino kwa mapulogalamu omwe amafunikira ntchito yambiri.

Malangizo: Kudula mbale zachitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, zodulira madzi a m'magazi, makina oyendetsa ndege zamadzi, ndi ma laser a mafakitale ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti zinthuzo zikhale zabwino. Ndizodziwika bwino kuti kuwongolera mpweya komanso kukonza pafupipafupi kumatha kupititsa patsogolo magwiridwe antchito komanso kukhazikika.

3. Maluso oyendetsera ntchito

Kuwongolera kutentha

Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimakhala ndi matenthedwe olakwika ndipo chimaumitsidwa mosavuta kapena kupunduka chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri. Gwiritsani ntchito zoziziritsa kukhosi (monga mafuta odulira) kapena njira yowonjezera chakudya kuti muchepetse kutentha ndikutalikitsa moyo wa zida.

Pewani kudula mothamanga mosalekeza ndikuyimitsa kutulutsa kutentha nthawi yoyenera kuti mupewe kutentha kwambiri komweko.

Chida ndi parameter kukhathamiritsa

Zida zothandizira: Zida zachitsulo zothamanga kwambiri za Carbide kapena cobalt zomwe zimakonda kukana kuvala bwino.

Kudula magawo: Liwiro lochepa komanso torque yayikulu (monga pobowola), yokhala ndi mafuta opangira kuwongolera pamwamba.

Feed mode: Chakudya chowonjezera (kudula kosalekeza) chikhoza kuchepetsa kutentha ndi kuchepetsa kutentha ndi 30% poyerekeza ndi chakudya cha radial.

Chithandizo chotsatira

Deburring: Pulitsani odulidwawo ndi fayilo, sandpaper kapena angle chopukusira kuti muwonetsetse chitetezo ndi kukongola.

Pickling kuyeretsa: Ngati mukufuna kuchotsa sikelo ya okusayidi, gwiritsani ntchito asidi wosakaniza (monga HNO₃+HF) potola, koma nthawiyo iyenera kuyendetsedwa kuti isawonongeke kwambiri.

4. Makhalidwe azinthu ndi njira zosinthira

Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha Austenitic (monga 304/316): ductility wamphamvu, zosavuta kumamatira ku mpeni, zimafuna chida cholimba kwambiri komanso kuzizira kokwanira.

Molybdenum yokhala ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri (monga 316): kukana kwa dzimbiri, koma kukana kwambiri kudula, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito liwiro lotsika ndi zoziziritsa kukhosi.

Mtundu wosavuta kudula (monga 303): Lili ndi zinthu za sulfure kapena selenium, zomwe zimatha kuonjezera liwiro la kudula, kuchepetsa kuvala kwa zida, ndipo ndizoyenera kukonza mofulumira kwambiri.

5. Chitetezo ndi kukonza

Chitetezo chaumwini: magalasi, magolovesi osagwira ntchito, masks a fumbi (kupewa kutulutsa fumbi lachitsulo).

Kuwunika kwa zida: Nthawi zonse sinthani mabala owonongeka / mawilo opera kuti muwonetsetse kuti kudula bwino komanso chitetezo.

Kusamalira zachilengedwe: sungani mpweya wabwino, khalani kutali ndi zinthu zoyaka moto, ndipo yeretsani zinyalala zazitsulo pakapita nthawi.

Chidule: Kudula mbale zazitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri kumafuna kuganizira mozama za makulidwe, zinthu ndi zida, ndikuyika patsogolo kuwongolera kutentha ndi kuvala kwa zida. Pakuti mkulu-mwatsatanetsatane zofunika, Ndi bwino kuti outsource laser / madzi jeti kudula; m'ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku, zida za carbide + zoziziritsira + chakudya chowonjezera ndi njira zothandiza kwambiri. Onetsetsani kuti mumadziwa njira zodulira zoonda, zapakati komanso zokhuthala, ndipo samalani ndi kudula koyera, kotetezeka komanso kolondola kuti muwonetsetse kuti kudula kulikonse kulibe cholakwika.