304 bakin karfe sa: 0Cr18Ni9 (0Cr19Ni9) 06Cr19Ni9 S30408
Abubuwan sinadaran: C: ≤0.08, Si: ≤1.0 Mn: ≤2.0, Cr: 18.0～20.0, Ni: 8.0～10.5, S: ≤0.03, P: ≤0.035 N≤0.1.
304L ya fi jure lalata kuma 304L ya ƙunshi ƙarancin carbon.
304 ana amfani dashi ko'ina, tare da juriya mai kyau na lalata, juriya mai zafi, ƙarancin zafin jiki da kaddarorin inji; Kyakkyawan aiki mai zafi kamar tambari da lankwasawa, kuma babu wani abu mai taurin maganin zafi (mara maganadisu, zafin sabis -196 ° C ~ 800 ° C).
304L yana da kyakkyawan juriya ga lalata iyakokin hatsi bayan waldi ko taimako na danniya; Hakanan zai iya kula da juriya mai kyau ba tare da maganin zafi ba, kuma zafin sabis ɗin shine -196 ° C-800 ° C.

ainihin halin da ake ciki:

Dangane da hanyar samarwa, ana iya raba shi zuwa nau'ikan biyu: mirgina mai zafi da mirgina sanyi, kuma ana iya raba shi zuwa nau'ikan nau'ikan 5 bisa ga halaye na nau'ikan ƙarfe: nau'in austenitic, nau'in austenite-ferritic, nau'in ferritic, nau'in martensitic, da nau'in hazo mai ƙarfi. Yana da ake bukata don iya jure wa lalata na daban-daban acid kamar oxalic acid, sulfuric acid-ferric sulfate, nitric acid, nitric acid-hydrofluoric acid, sulfuric acid-jan karfe sulfate, phosphoric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, da dai sauransu An yi amfani da ko'ina a cikin sinadaran masana'antu, abinci, magani, makamashi da dai sauransu masana'antu, abinci, magani, petroum da dai sauransu. kayan aiki, kayan tebur, motoci, sassa daban-daban na kayan aikin gida.
Bakin karfe farantin yana da m surface, high plasticity, tauri da kuma inji ƙarfi, kuma yana da resistant zuwa lalata ta acid, alkaline gas, mafita da sauran kafofin watsa labarai. Karfe ne na gami wanda ba shi da sauƙin tsatsa, amma ba shi da cikakkiyar tsatsa.
Bakin karfe bisa ga hanyar samarwa, ana iya raba shi zuwa nau'i biyu: juyawa mai zafi da jujjuyawar sanyi, gami da farantin sanyi na bakin ciki tare da kauri na 0.02-4 mm da matsakaici da kauri tare da kauri na 4.5-100 mm.
Don tabbatar da cewa kayan aikin injiniya irin su ƙarfin samar da ƙarfi, ƙarfin ƙarfi, haɓakawa da taurin nau'ikan faranti na bakin ƙarfe daban-daban sun dace da buƙatun, faranti na ƙarfe dole ne a sha maganin zafi kamar annealing, maganin maganin, da maganin tsufa kafin bayarwa. 05.10 88.57.29.38 alamomi na musamman
Lalacewar juriya na bakin karfe ya dogara ne akan abun da ke ciki na gami (chromium, nickel, titanium, silicon, aluminum, da dai sauransu) da tsarin ciki, kuma babban aikin shine chromium. Chromium yana da babban kwanciyar hankali na sinadarai kuma yana iya samar da fim ɗin wucewa akan saman ƙarfe don ware ƙarfe daga duniyar waje, kare farantin karfe daga iskar shaka, da haɓaka juriyar lalata farantin karfe. Bayan an lalata fim ɗin wucewa, juriya na lalata yana raguwa.

Matsayin ƙasa:

Ƙarfin ƙarfi (Mpa) 520
Ƙarfin Haɓaka (Mpa) 205-210
Tsawaitawa (%) 40%
Taurin HB187 HRB90 HV200
Yawan bakin karfe 304 shine 7.93 g/cm3. Austenitic bakin karfe gabaɗaya yana amfani da wannan ƙimar. 304 chromium abun ciki (%) 17.00-19.00, nickel abun ciki (%) 8.00-10.00, 304 yayi daidai da 0Cr19Ni9 (0Cr18Ni9) ƙasata bakin karfe
304 bakin karfe ne m bakin karfe abu, kuma anti-tsatsa yi ya fi karfi fiye da na 200 jerin bakin karfe kayan. Babban juriya na zafin jiki kuma ya fi kyau.
304 bakin karfe yana da kyakyawan juriya na lalata da kuma mafi kyawun juriya ga lalatawar intergranular.
Don oxidizing acid, an kammala a cikin gwaje-gwajen cewa 304 bakin karfe yana da ƙarfin juriya na lalata a cikin nitric acid a ƙasa da zafin jiki mai zafi tare da maida hankali na ≤65%. Har ila yau yana da kyakkyawan juriya na lalata ga mafita na alkaline da yawancin kwayoyin halitta da inorganic acid.

Halayen gabaɗaya:

304 bakin karfe farantin karfe yana da kyawawan shimfidar wuri da yuwuwar amfani iri-iri
Kyakkyawan juriya na lalata, mafi kyawun juriya fiye da ƙarfe na yau da kullun
Babban ƙarfi, don haka yiwuwar amfani da farantin bakin ciki yana da kyau
Resistance zuwa high zafin jiki hadawan abu da iskar shaka da kuma high ƙarfi, don haka resistant zuwa wuta
Tsarin zafin jiki na al'ada, wato, sarrafa filastik mai sauƙi
Sauƙaƙan kulawa da sauƙi saboda ba a buƙatar magani na saman
tsabta, high gama
Kyakkyawan aikin walda

Ayyukan zane
1, busasshen niƙa goga
Wadanda suka fi kowa a kasuwa sune doguwar waya da gajeriyar waya. Bayan sarrafa irin wannan farfajiya, 304 bakin karfe farantin karfe yana nuna kyakkyawan sakamako na ado, wanda zai iya biyan bukatun kayan ado na gaba ɗaya. Gabaɗaya magana, 304 jerin bakin karfe na iya haifar da sakamako mai kyau bayan gogewa ɗaya. Saboda ƙananan farashi, aiki mai sauƙi, ƙananan farashin sarrafawa da kuma aikace-aikace mai yawa na irin wannan kayan aiki, ya zama kayan aiki masu mahimmanci don cibiyoyin sarrafawa. Saboda haka, mafi yawan machining cibiyoyi na iya samar da dogon waya da kuma gajeren wayoyi sanyi faranti, wanda 304 karfe lissafin fiye da 80%.
2, zanen niƙa mai
Bakin karfe na iyali 304 yana nuna kyakkyawan sakamako na ado bayan niƙa mai, kuma ana amfani da su sosai a cikin kayan ado na kayan ado irin su lif da kayan gida. Sanyi-birgima 304 jerin bakin karfe iya kullum cimma kyakkyawan sakamako bayan daya frosting wucewa. Har yanzu akwai wasu cibiyoyin sarrafawa a kasuwa waɗanda za su iya samar da sanyin mai don bakin karfe mai zafi, kuma tasirinsa yana kama da na niƙa mai sanyi. Hakanan za'a iya raba zanen mai zuwa dogon filament da gajeriyar filament. Filament gabaɗaya ana amfani da shi don ado na lif, kuma akwai nau'ikan laushi iri biyu don ƙananan kayan gida daban-daban da kayan dafa abinci.
Bambanci daga 316
Biyu da aka fi amfani da bakin karfe 304 da 316 (ko daidai da Jamusanci/Turai misali 1.4308, 1.4408), babban bambanci a cikin sinadaran sinadaran tsakanin 316 da 304 shi ne cewa 316 ya ƙunshi Mo, kuma an gane cewa 316 yana da mafi kyawun juriya na lalata. Ya fi juriya da lalata fiye da 304 a yanayin zafi mai girma. Don haka, a cikin yanayin zafin jiki, injiniyoyi gabaɗaya suna zaɓar sassan da aka yi da kayan 316. Amma abin da ake kira ba kome ba ne cikakke, a cikin yanayin sulfuric acid mai mahimmanci, kada ku yi amfani da 316 komai girman zafin jiki! In ba haka ba, wannan al'amari na iya zama babban abu. Duk wanda ke nazarin injiniyoyi ya koyi zaren, kuma ya tuna cewa don hana zaren da ake kamawa a yanayin zafi mai zafi, ana buƙatar man shafawa mai duhu mai duhu: molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), wanda daga ciki aka zana maki 2 Ƙarshen ba: [1] Mo hakika abu ne mai tsayayya da zafin jiki (kun san abin da ake amfani dashi don narkar da zinariya). [2]: Molybdenum yana amsawa cikin sauƙi tare da manyan ions sulfur don samar da sulfide. Don haka babu wani nau'in bakin karfe wanda ba zai iya jurewa da lalata ba. A cikin bincike na ƙarshe, bakin karfe wani yanki ne na ƙarfe wanda ya fi ƙazanta (amma waɗannan ƙazantattun sun fi ƙarfin juriya fiye da karfe ^^), kuma karfe yana iya amsawa da wasu abubuwa.

Duban Ingancin saman:

The surface ingancin 304 bakin karfe ne yafi ƙaddara ta pickling tsari bayan zafi magani. Idan fatar jikin oxide da aka kafa ta tsarin maganin zafin da ya gabata yana da kauri ko tsarin bai yi daidai ba, pickling ba zai iya inganta yanayin gamawa da daidaito ba. Sabili da haka, ya kamata a biya cikakken hankali ga dumama maganin zafi ko tsaftacewa a saman kafin maganin zafi.
Idan kaurin oxide na saman farantin bakin karfe ba iri ɗaya ba ne, ƙarancin saman ƙarfen tushe a ƙarƙashin wurin mai kauri da wurin bakin ciki shima ya bambanta. Daban-daban, don haka saman farantin karfe ba daidai ba ne. Sabili da haka, wajibi ne don samar da ma'auni na oxide daidai a lokacin maganin zafi da dumama. Don biyan wannan bukata, dole ne a mai da hankali ga batutuwa masu zuwa:
Idan an haɗe mai zuwa saman kayan aikin lokacin da farantin bakin karfe ya yi zafi, kauri da abun da ke tattare da sikelin oxide a sashin da aka haɗe mai zai bambanta da kauri da abun da ke cikin sikelin oxide a wasu sassa, kuma carburization zai faru. Bangaren karfen da aka karbe a karkashin fata mai oxide acid zai kai masa mummunan hari. Ruwan mai da mai mai mai nauyi ya fesa a lokacin konewar farko kuma zai yi tasiri sosai idan an haɗa su da kayan aikin. Hakanan yana iya yin tasiri lokacin da aka haɗe hotunan yatsan ma'aikaci zuwa kayan aikin. Don haka, ma'aikacin bai kamata ya taɓa sassan bakin karfe kai tsaye da hannunsa ba, kuma kada ya bar aikin da aka lalata da sabon mai. Dole ne a sa safar hannu mai tsabta.
Idan akwai lubricating man da aka haɗe zuwa saman workpiece a lokacin sanyi aiki, shi dole ne a cikakken degreased a trichlorethylene degreasing wakili da caustic soda bayani, sa'an nan a tsabtace da ruwan dumi, sa'an nan zafi bi.
Idan akwai ƙazanta a saman farantin bakin karfe, musamman lokacin da kwayoyin halitta ko ash ke haɗe zuwa aikin aikin, ba shakka dumama zai shafi sikelin.
Bambance-bambancen yanayi a cikin tanderun farantin karfe Yanayin da ke cikin tanderun ya bambanta a kowane bangare, kuma samuwar fata oxide shima zai canza, wanda kuma shine dalilin rashin daidaituwa bayan tsinkaya. Sabili da haka, lokacin dumama, yanayin kowane bangare na tanderun dole ne ya kasance iri ɗaya. Don haka, dole ne kuma a yi la'akari da zagayawa na yanayi.

Bugu da kari, idan tubali, asbestos, da dai sauransu da suke dandali da ake amfani da su wajen dumama kayan aikin suna dauke da ruwa, ruwan zai kafe idan aka yi zafi, kuma yanayin da bangaren ke hulda kai tsaye da tururin ruwa zai sha bamban da na sauran sassa. daban kawai. Don haka, abubuwan da ke cikin hulɗar kai tsaye tare da kayan aiki mai zafi dole ne a bushe gaba ɗaya kafin amfani. Duk da haka, idan an sanya shi a cikin dakin da zafin jiki bayan bushewa, danshi zai ci gaba da tari a saman kayan aikin a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi mai zafi. Don haka, yana da kyau a bushe shi kafin amfani.
Idan bangaren da bakin karfe farantin da za a bi da yana da saura sikelin kafin zafi magani, za a sami bambance-bambance a cikin kauri da kuma abun da ke ciki na sikelin tsakanin part tare da saura sikelin da kuma part ba tare da sikelin bayan dumama, sakamakon da m surface bayan pickling , don haka ba kawai ya kamata mu kula da karshe zafi magani, amma kuma ya kamata mu biya cikakken hankali ga matsakaici zafi magani da pickling.
Akwai bambanci a cikin sikelin oxide da aka samar akan saman bakin karfe wanda ke da alaƙa kai tsaye tare da iskar gas ko harshen mai da kuma wurin da ba a haɗa shi ba. Sabili da haka, ya zama dole don kiyaye yanki na magani daga tuntuɓar bakin harshen kai tsaye yayin dumama.
Tasiri na daban-daban surface gama na bakin karfe farantin
Idan ƙarewar saman ya bambanta, ko da an yi zafi a lokaci guda, ma'aunin oxide akan sassa masu laushi da laushi na farfajiyar za su bambanta. Alal misali, a wurin da aka tsaftace lahani na gida da kuma wurin da ba a tsaftace shi ba, yanayin samar da fata na oxide ya bambanta, don haka saman kayan aiki bayan pickling ba daidai ba ne.

Gabaɗaya madaidaicin canjin zafi na ƙarfe ya dogara da wasu abubuwan ban da yanayin zafin ƙarfen. A mafi yawan lokuta, yanayin zafi mai zafi na fim din, ma'auni da yanayin yanayin karfe. Bakin karfe yana kiyaye tsaftar saman, don haka yana canja zafi fiye da sauran karafa tare da mafi girman yanayin zafi. Liaocheng Suntory Bakin Karfe yana ba da 8. Ma'auni na fasaha don faranti na bakin karfe High-ƙarfi bakin karfe faranti tare da kyakkyawan juriya na lalata, aikin lankwasa, taurin sassa na welded, da stamping na sassan welded da hanyoyin masana'antu. Musamman, C: 0.02% ko žasa, N: 0.02% ko žasa, Cr: 11% ko fiye da ƙasa da 17%, abun ciki mai dacewa na Si, Mn, P, S, Al, Ni, da kuma gamsar da 12≤Cr Mo 1.5Si≤ 17. Bakin karfe tare da 1≤ 40 C (CN) 0.5C (Cr) 0.5(Ni Cu) 3.3Mo≥16.0, 0.006≤CN≤0.030 ana mai zafi zuwa 850～1250°C, sa'an nan kuma za'ayi a 1°C/s Maganin zafi don sanyaya sama da yanayin sanyaya. Ta wannan hanyar, yana iya zama farantin karfe mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi tare da tsarin da ke ɗauke da fiye da 12% martensite ta ƙarar, ƙarfin ƙarfi sama da 730MPa, juriya na lalata da aikin lankwasawa, da kyakkyawan ƙarfi a cikin yankin waldawar zafi. Sake amfani da Mo, B, da sauransu na iya haɓaka aikin tambarin ɓangaren walda. Harshen iskar oxygen da iskar gas ba za su iya yanke farantin karfe ba saboda bakin karfe ba shi da sauƙi don zama oxidized. 5CM mai kauri mai kauri ya kamata a sarrafa shi da kayan aikin yankan na musamman, kamar: (1) Na'urar yankan Laser tare da mafi girman wuta (na'urar yankan Laser) (2) Na'urar tsinkewar mai (3) diski mai niƙa (4) Hannun hannun ɗan adam (5) Injin yankan waya (na'urar yankan waya). (6) Babban matsa lamba ruwa jet yankan (kwararre ruwa jet sabon: Shanghai Xinwei) (7) Plasma baka yankan