Ibanga le-304 lensimbi engagqwali: 0Cr18Ni9 (0Cr19Ni9) 06Cr19Ni9 S30408
Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali: C: ≤0.08, Si: ≤1.0 Mn: ≤2.0, Cr: 18.0～20.0, Ni: 8.0～10.5, S: ≤0.03, P: ≤0.035 N≤0.1.
I-304L ikwazi ukumelana nokugqwala futhi i-304L iqukethe ikhabhoni encane.
I-304 isetshenziswa kabanzi, inokumelana nokugqwala okuhle, ukumelana nokushisa, amandla okushisa aphansi kanye nezakhiwo zemishini; ukusebenza kahle okushisayo okufana nokunyathela nokugoba, futhi akukho mkhuba wokuqina wokwelashwa kokushisa (okungewona uzibuthe, izinga lokushisa lesevisi -196°C~800°C).
I-304L inokumelana okuhle kakhulu nokugqwala komngcele wokusanhlamvu ngemuva kokushisela noma ukukhululeka kwengcindezi; futhi ingagcina ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle ngaphandle kokwelashwa kokushisa, futhi izinga lokushisa lesevisi lingu-196°C-800°C.

isimo esiyisisekelo:

Ngokwendlela yokukhiqiza, ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili: ukugoqa okushisayo nokugoqa okubandayo, futhi kungahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezi-5 ngokuya nezici zesakhiwo sezinhlobo zensimbi: uhlobo lwe-austenitic, uhlobo lwe-austenite-ferritic, uhlobo lwe-ferritic, uhlobo lwe-martensitic, kanye nohlobo lokuqina kwezulu. Kudingeka ukuthi ukwazi ukumelana nokugqwala kwama-acids ahlukahlukene njenge-oxalic acid, i-sulfuric acid-ferric sulfate, i-nitric acid, i-nitric acid-hydrofluoric acid, i-sulfuric acid-copper sulfate, i-phosphoric acid, i-formic acid, i-acetic acid, njll. Isetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yamakhemikhali, ukudla, imithi, i-petromic energy, njll. ukwakhiwa, izitsha zasekhishini, i-tableware, izimoto, izingxenye ezihlukahlukene zemishini yasendlini.
Ipuleti lensimbi engenasici linendawo ebushelelezi, ipulasitiki ephezulu, ukuqina namandla emishini, futhi imelana nokugqwala ngama-acids, amagesi e-alkaline, izixazululo neminye imidiya. Kuyinsimbi okungelula ukugqwala, kodwa ayinalo nhlobo ukugqwala.
Ipuleti lensimbi engagqwali Ngokwendlela yokukhiqiza, ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili: ukugoqa okushisayo nokugoqa okubandayo, okuhlanganisa ipuleti elincane elibandayo elinobukhulu obungu-0.02-4 mm kanye nepuleti eliphakathi nendawo neliwugqinsi elinogqinsi luka-4.5-100 mm.
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izakhiwo zemishini ezinjengamandla esivuno, amandla aqinile, ukunwetshwa kanye nobulukhuni bamapuleti ensimbi engagqwali ahlukahlukene ahlangabezana nezidingo, amapuleti ensimbi kufanele aphathwe ngokushisa okufana nokufakwa kwe-annealing, ukwelashwa kwesixazululo, nokwelashwa kokuguga ngaphambi kokubeletha. 05.10 88.57.29.38 izimpawu ezikhethekile
Ukumelana nokugqwala kwensimbi engagqwali ikakhulukazi kuncike ekwakhekeni kwe-alloy yayo (i-chromium, i-nickel, i-titanium, i-silicon, i-aluminium, njll.) kanye nesakhiwo sangaphakathi, futhi indima eyinhloko i-chromium. I-Chromium inokuqina kwamakhemikhali okuphezulu futhi ingakha ifilimu ye-passivation endaweni yensimbi ukuze ihlukanise insimbi ezweni langaphandle, ivikele i-steel plate ekufakweni kwe-oxidation, futhi ikhulise ukumelana nokugqwala kwepuleti lensimbi. Ngemuva kokubhujiswa kwefilimu ye-passivation, ukumelana nokugqwala kuncipha.

Imvelo ejwayelekile kazwelonke:

Amandla okuqina (Mpa) 520
Amandla esivuno (Mpa) 205-210
Ubude (%) 40%
Ukuqina HB187 HRB90 HV200
Ukuminyana kwensimbi engagqwali engu-304 kungu-7.93 g/cm3. Insimbi engagqwali ye-Austenitic ngokuvamile isebenzisa leli nani. 304 okuqukethwe kwe-chromium (%) 17.00-19.00, okuqukethwe kwe-nickel (%) 8.00-10.00, 304 kulingana nensimbi yezwe lami engu-0Cr19Ni9 (0Cr18Ni9)
I-304 insimbi engagqwali iyinto ehlukahlukene yensimbi engagqwali, futhi ukusebenza kwayo okulwa nokugqwala kunamandla kunochungechunge lwezinsimbi ezingama-200 zensimbi engagqwali. Ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu nakho kungcono.
Insimbi engagqwali engu-304 inokumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu nokumelana kangcono nokugqwala kwe-intergranular.
Ngama-acids e-oxidizing, kuphethwa ekuhlolweni ukuthi i-304 insimbi engagqwali inokumelana nokugqwala okuqinile ku-nitric acid ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa elibilayo elinokugxila kuka-≤65%. Futhi inokumelana nokugqwala okuhle kwezixazululo ze-alkaline kanye nama-acid amaningi e-organic kanye ne-inorganic.

izici ezijwayelekile:

Ipuleti lensimbi engagqwali elingu-304 linobuso obuhle kanye namathuba okusebenzisa ahlukahlukene
Ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle, ukumelana nokugqwala okungcono kunensimbi evamile
Amandla aphezulu, ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwepuleti elincane kukhulu
Imelana nokushisa okuphezulu kwe-oxidation namandla aphezulu, ngaleyo ndlela imelana nomlilo
Ukucubungula okujwayelekile kwezinga lokushisa, okungukuthi, ukucutshungulwa kwepulasitiki okulula
Ukugcinwa okulula nokulula ngoba akukho ukwelashwa okungaphezulu okudingekayo
ihlanzekile, isiphetho esiphezulu
Ukusebenza kahle kwe-welding

Ukusebenza komdwebo
1,Ukugaya okomile kubhulashiwe
Okuvame kakhulu emakethe ucingo olude nocingo olufushane. Ngemuva kokucubungula indawo enjalo, ipuleti yensimbi engagqwali engu-304 ibonisa umphumela omuhle wokuhlobisa, ongahlangabezana nezidingo zezinto zokuhlobisa ezijwayelekile. Ngokuvamile, insimbi engagqwali engu-304 ingakha umphumela omuhle ngemva kokukhuhla okukodwa. Ngenxa yezindleko eziphansi, ukusebenza okulula, izindleko eziphansi zokucubungula kanye nokusetshenziswa okubanzi kwalolu hlobo lwemishini yokucubungula, sekuyinto edingekayo yokucubungula izikhungo. Ngakho-ke, izikhungo eziningi zemishini zingahlinzeka ngamapuleti afriziwe anezintambo ezinde nezimfishane, okuyizinsimbi ezingama-304 ezingaphezu kuka-80%.
2, umdwebo wokugaya amafutha
Insimbi engagqwali yomndeni engu-304 ibonisa umphumela wokuhlobisa ophelele ngemva kokugaywa kwamafutha, futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu kumaphaneli okuhlobisa njengamakheshi nezinto zikagesi zasendlini. Insimbi engagqwali egoqwe ebandayo engu-304 ngokuvamile ingazuza imiphumela emihle ngemva kokudlula okukodwa kwesithwathwa. Kusenezikhungo ezithile zokucubungula emakethe ezinganikeza isithwathwa esinamafutha ensimbi engagqwali egingqiwe eshisayo, futhi umphumela wawo ufana nowokugaya uwoyela obandayo. Umdwebo onamafutha ungabuye uhlukaniswe ube yi-filament ende kanye ne-filament emfushane. Intambo ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa ikheshi, futhi kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokuthungwa kwempahla ehlukahlukene yasendlini kanye nezitsha zasekhishini.
Umehluko kusuka ku-316
Izinsimbi ezimbili ezivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ezingenasici 304 kanye ne-316 (noma ezihambisana ne-German/European standard 1.4308, 1.4408), umehluko omkhulu ekubunjweni kwamakhemikhali phakathi kuka-316 no-304 ukuthi i-316 iqukethe i-Mo, futhi ngokuvamile iyaziwa ukuthi i-316 inokumelana nokugqwala okungcono. Imelana nokugqwala kuka-304 endaweni yokushisa ephezulu. Ngakho-ke, ezindaweni zokushisa okuphezulu, onjiniyela ngokuvamile bakhetha izingxenye ezenziwe ngezinto ezingu-316. Kodwa lokho okubizwa ngokuthi akukho lutho oluphelele, endaweni egxilile ye-sulfuric acid, ungasebenzisi i-316 kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izinga lokushisa liphezulu kangakanani! Ngaphandle kwalokho, le ndaba ingase ibe yinto enkulu. Noma ubani ofunda i-mechanics ufunde izintambo, futhi khumbula ukuthi ukuze kuvinjwe imicu ukuthi ingabanjwa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, i-lubricant emnyama eqinile idinga ukusetshenziswa: i-molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), okuvela kuyo amaphuzu angu-2 Isiphetho asikho: [1] I-Mo ngempela iyinto ephikisana nokushisa okuphezulu (ingabe uyazi ukuthi yini i-crucible esetshenziselwa ukuncibilika kwegolide! [2]: I-Molybdenum isabela kalula ngama-ion e-sulphur ane-valent ephezulu ukwenza i-sulfide. Ngakho-ke alukho uhlobo olulodwa lwensimbi engagqwali olungenakunqotshwa futhi olumelana nokugqwala. Ekuhlaziyeni kokugcina, insimbi engagqwali iwucezu lwensimbi olunokungcola okwengeziwe (kodwa lokhu kungcola kumelana nokugqwala kunensimbi^^), futhi insimbi ingasabela nezinye izinto.

Ukuhlolwa Kwekhwalithi Yobuso:

Izinga eliphezulu lensimbi engagqwali engu-304 linqunywa ngokuyinhloko inqubo yokukhetha ngemva kokwelashwa kokushisa. Uma isikhumba se-oxide esingaphezulu esakhiwe inqubo yokwelapha ukushisa yangaphambilini siwugqinsi noma isakhiwo singalingani, i-pickling ayikwazi ukuthuthukisa ukuphela kwendawo kanye nokufana. Ngakho-ke, ukunakwa okugcwele kufanele kukhokhwe ekushiseni kokwelashwa kokushisa noma ukuhlanza ubuso ngaphambi kokwelashwa kokushisa.
Uma ubukhulu be-oxide obungaphezulu bepuleti lensimbi engagqwali bungafani, ubulukhuni obungaphezulu bensimbi eyisisekelo ngaphansi kwendawo ewugqinsi kanye nendawo ezacile nakho kuhlukile. Okuhlukile, ngakho ubuso be-steel plate abulingani. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukwakha ngokulinganayo izikali ze-oxide ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kokushisa nokushisa. Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nalesi sidingo, kufanele kuqashelwe lezi zindaba ezilandelayo:
Uma uwoyela unamathele ebusweni bomsebenzi lapho ipuleti yensimbi engagqwali ishisa, ukushuba nokubunjwa kwesikali se-oxide engxenyeni enamathiselwe uwoyela kuzohluka nobukhulu nokwakheka kwesikali se-oxide kwezinye izingxenye, futhi i-carburization izokwenzeka. Ingxenye ye-carburized yensimbi eyisisekelo ngaphansi kwesikhumba se-oxide izohlaselwa kakhulu yi-asidi. Amaconsi kawoyela afafazwe isishisi samafutha esindayo ngesikhathi sokusha kokuqala azophinde abe nomthelela omkhulu uma exhunywe ku-workpiece. Kungase futhi kube nomthelela lapho izigxivizo zeminwe zomsebenzisi zinamathiselwe kucezu lokusebenza. Ngakho-ke, opharetha akufanele athinte ngokuqondile izingxenye zensimbi engagqwali ngezandla zakhe, futhi ungavumeli i-workpiece ukuba ingcoliswe ngamafutha amasha. Amagilavu ​​ahlanzekile kumele agqokwe.
Uma kukhona uwoyela wokugcoba onamathiselwe ebusweni bomsebenzi ngesikhathi sokucubungula okubandayo, kufanele ugcotshwe ngokugcwele ku-agent ye-trichlorethylene degreasing kanye nesisombululo se-caustic soda, bese uhlanzwa ngamanzi afudumele, bese uphathwa ngokushisa.
Uma kukhona ukungcola ebusweni bepuleti lensimbi engagqwali, ikakhulukazi uma izinto eziphilayo noma umlotha unamathiselwe ku-workpiece, ukushisa kuzothinta isikali.
Umehluko osemkhathini esithandweni somlilo wensimbi engagqwali Umkhathi esithandweni uhlukile engxenyeni ngayinye, futhi ukwakheka kwesikhumba se-oxide nakho kuzoshintsha, okuyisizathu sokungalingani ngemva kokukhetha. Ngakho-ke, lapho kushisa, umkhathi engxenyeni ngayinye yesithando somlilo kufanele ufane. Ukuze kufezeke lokhu, kufanele kucatshangelwe nokujikeleza komkhathi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma izitini, i-asbestos, njll ezakha ipulatifomu esetshenziselwa ukushisa i-workpiece iqukethe amanzi, amanzi azohwamuka lapho eshisa, futhi umkhathi wengxenye ethintana ngqo nomhwamuko uzohluka kwezinye izingxenye. ezahlukene nje. Ngakho-ke, izinto ezithintana ngqo ne-workpiece eshisayo kufanele zomiswe ngokugcwele ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa. Kodwa-ke, uma ibekwe ekamelweni lokushisa ngemva kokumiswa, umswakama usazoqina phezu kwendawo yokusebenza ngaphansi kwezimo eziphezulu zomswakama. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukomisa ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa.
Uma ingxenye yepuleti yensimbi engagqwali okumele ilashwe inesikali esisele ngaphambi kokwelashwa kokushisa, kuzoba nomehluko ekujikeni nasekubunjweni kwesikali phakathi kwengxenye enesilinganiso esisele kanye nengxenye ngaphandle kwesikali ngemva kokushisa, okuholela ekushiseni okungalingani ngemva kokukhetha , ngakho-ke akufanele nje sinake ukwelashwa kokugcina kokushisa, kodwa kufanele futhi sinake ngokugcwele ukwelashwa kokushisa okuphakathi kanye nokuqoqa.
Kunomehluko esikalini se-oxide esikhiqizwa endaweni yensimbi engagqwali ethintana ngqo nelangabi legesi noma lamafutha kanye nendawo engathintani. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukugcina ucezu lokwelapha ekuxhumaneni nomlomo welangabi ngesikhathi sokushisa.
Umthelela wokuqedwa kwendawo ehlukene yepuleti lensimbi engagqwali
Uma isiphetho esingaphezulu sihlukile, ngisho noma sishiswa ngesikhathi esifanayo, izikali ze-oxide ezingxenyeni ezimbi nezinhle zobuso zizohluka. Isibonelo, endaweni lapho isici sendawo sihlanjululwe khona futhi indawo lapho singakahlanzwa khona, isimo sokwenza isikhumba se-oxide sihlukile, ngakho-ke ubuso be-workpiece emva kokukhetha abulingani.

I-coefficient yokudlulisa ukushisa isiyonke yensimbi incike kwezinye izici ngaphandle kokusebenza okushisayo kwensimbi. Ezimweni eziningi, i-coefficient yokushisa ukushisa kwefilimu, isikali kanye nesimo esiphezulu sensimbi. Insimbi engagqwali igcina indawo engaphezulu ihlanzekile, ngakho-ke idlulisa ukushisa kangcono kunezinye izinsimbi ezinokusebenza okuphezulu kwe-thermal. I-Liaocheng Suntory Stainless Steel inikeza 8. Izindinganiso zobuchwepheshe zamapuleti ensimbi engenasici Amapuleti ensimbi engenasici aqine kakhulu anokumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu, ukusebenza okugobayo, ukuqina kwezingxenye ezishiselwe, nokusebenza kwezitembu zezingxenye ezishiselwe nezindlela zazo zokukhiqiza. Ngokuqondile, C: 0.02% noma ngaphansi, N: 0.02% noma ngaphansi, Cr: 11% noma ngaphezulu nangaphansi kuka-17%, okuqukethwe okufanele kwe-Si, Mn, P, S, Al, Ni, futhi kwanelise 12≤Cr Mo 1.5Si≤ 17. Ipuleti lensimbi engagqwali nge-30(5MNi) Cu)≤4, Cr 0.5(Ni Cu) 3.3Mo≥16.0, 0.006≤CN≤0.030 ishisisa ibe ngu-850～1250°C, bese yenziwa ngo-1°C/s Ukwelashwa kokushisa kokupholisa ngaphezu kwezinga lokupholisa. Ngale ndlela, ingaba ipuleti lensimbi engenasici elinamandla aphezulu elinesakhiwo esiqukethe ngaphezu kuka-12% i-martensite ngevolumu, amandla aphezulu ngaphezu kuka-730MPa, ukumelana nokugqwala nokusebenza kokugoba, kanye nokuqina okuhle kakhulu endaweni ethinteke ekushiseni. Ukusebenzisa kabusha i-Mo, B, njll. kungathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kokugxiviza kwengxenye eshiselwe. Ilangabi lomoya-mpilo negesi alikwazi ukusika ipuleti lensimbi engagqwali ngoba insimbi engagqwali akulula ukuthi ifakwe i-oxidized. Ipuleti yensimbi engagqwali engu-5CM ewugqinsi kufanele icutshungulwe ngamathuluzi okusika akhethekile, njengalokhu: (1) Umshini wokusika i-Laser onamanzi amakhulu (umshini wokusika i-laser) (2) Umshini wokubona umfutho wamafutha (3) I-disc yokugaya (4) Isaha sesandla somuntu (5) Umshini wokusika izintambo (umshini wokusika ucingo). (6) Ukusika ijethi yamanzi enomfutho ophezulu (ukusika ijethi yamanzi okuchwepheshile: Shanghai Xinwei) (7) Ukusika i-Plasma arc